Exam (elaborations)
BISC 261 Bolded Terms exam with Questions Solved with 100% Correct Answers
- Course
- Institution
BISC 261 Bolded Terms exam with Questions Solved with 100% Correct Answers
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
BISC 261 Bolded Terms exam with QuestionsSolved with 100% Correct Answers
polyribosome - Answer A complex of several ribosomes translating a single messenger
RNA.
amino acid activation - Answer The preparatory step of protein synthesis in which
amino acids are attached to transfer RNA molecules. The reaction is catalyzed by
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.
anticodon - Answer The three bases on a tRNA that are complementary to the codon
on mRNA.
aminoacyl/ acceptor site - Answer The ribosomal site that contains an aminoacyl-
tRNA at the beginning of the elongation cycle during protein synthesis.
peptidyl/ donor site - Answer The site on the ribosome that contains the peptidyl-
tRNA at the beginning of the elongation cycle during protein synthesis.
exit site - Answer The location on a ribosome to which an empty (uncharged)
tRNA moves from the P site before it finally leaves during protein synthesis.
,ribosome-binding site (RBS) - Answer Nucleotide sequences on mRNA recognized by
a ribosome, so that it orients properly on the mRNA and begins translation at the
appropriate codon.
initiator tRNA - Answer The tRNA that binds to the start codon during initiation
of translation.
initiation factors - Answer Proteins that function during initiation of protein synthesis.
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) - Answer A polynucleotide that constitutes the genetic
material of all cellular organisms. It is composed of deoxyribonucleotides connected
by phosphodiester bonds.
complementary - Answer Refers to the matching of two strands of DNA or RNA based
on the base-pairing rules.
ribonucleic acid (RNA) - Answer A polynucleotide composed of ribonucleotides joined
by phosphodiester bonds.
origin of replication - Answer A site on a chromosome or plasmid where DNA
replication is initiated.
replication fork - Answer The Y-shaped structure where DNA is replicated.
replicon - Answer A unit of the genome that contains an origin of replication and in
which DNA is replicated.
replisome - Answer A large protein complex that copies the DNA double helix to
form two daughter chromosomes.
, DNA polymerase - Answer An enzyme that synthesizes new DNA using a parental
nucleic acid strand (usually DNA) as a template.
helicases - Answer Enzymes that use ATP energy to unwind DNA ahead of the replication
fork.
topoisomerases - Answer Enzymes that change the topology of DNA molecules by
transiently breaking one or both strands. They play an important role in DNA
replication and transcription.
DNA gyrase - Answer A topoisomerase enzyme that relieves tension generated by
the rapid unwinding of DNA during DNA replication or transcription.
primosome - Answer in bacteria, a complex of proteins that includes the enzyme
primase, responsible for synthesizing the RNA primers needed for DNA replication.
leading strand - Answer The strand of DNA that is synthesized continuously during
DNA replication
lagging strand - Answer The strand of DNA synthesized discontinuously during
DNA replication.
okazaki fragments - Answer Short stretches of polynucleotides produced during
discontinuous DNA replication.
DNA ligase - Answer An enzyme that joins two DNA fragments through the formation of
a new phosphodiester bond.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller KenAli. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75632 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now
