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HOLECHECK EXAM 1 BIO340 LATEST VERSION WITH 180 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
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HOLECHECK EXAM 1 BIO340 LATEST VERSION WITH 180 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
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Page 1 of 16HOLECHECK EXAM 1 BIO340 LATEST VERSION 2024-
2025 WITH 180 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
selective breeding - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Selective breeding is the process by which humans
use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits by
choosing which typically animal or plant males and females will sexually reproduce and have
offspring together.
been going on for 10,000 years
what is the frederic griffith experiment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Goal: to determine if there is a
transforming factor in bacteria
set up; They infected mice with two strains of bacteria. Smooth (deadly) and rough (not deadly).
When the researchers heated up and killed the smooth strain bacteria and injected it into the
mice, the mice survived. When the researchers heated up and killed the smooth strain and then
put it in with alive rough strain, the mice died.
conclusion: the rough strain must have taken up a "transforming factor" from the dead smooth
strain and which enabled to the rough strain to become deadly.
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what is the avery macleod experiment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Goal: follow up to fred grif
experiment. They wanted to determine what the "transforming factor" was in the previous
experiment.
set up: heated up and smooth strain (deadly) and added it to five cultures of rough strain (not
deadly). each culture was treated with a different enzyme.
1. treated with Rnase (no RNA)
2. Protease (no protein)
3 Dnase (no DNA)
4. Lipase (no fats)
5. Carboase( no carbs)
After adding the dead smooth strain and enzymes to the cultures, they measured the make up
of the 5 some time later (allowed them to grow). the only culture that did not have any smooth
strain was the one treated with Dnase (no DNA)
Conclusion: DNA was required to pass on smooth strain traits/itself to the next generation of
bacteria. DNA was the transforming factor.
Hershey Chase experiment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Goal: to verify if DNA was transforming
factor
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set up: a batch of of phages were labled with S32 (incorperated into protein coat). Another
batch was created with P35 ( incorperated into DNA). Bacteria were then infected with phages.
Bacteria were then collected, blended, and spun down. P35 was found in the pellet(contents of
the pellet are what was inside cell). S35 was found in supernatent (was not inside the cell).
Conclusion: P is in the pellet. Because P was found in the pellet, that means the phage used
DNA (which p was attached to) as a means to pass on its information to the next generation of
phages. THis determined that DNA, not protein was responsible for being transforming factor.
DNA is genetic material
Central Dogma - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔
Two reasons why structure of DNA was important to understand - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔how
dna could carry genetic info
how dna replicated
pauling and corey work - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔They beleived DNA was shaped like a triple
alpha heelix. Phosphates were at thee center
watson and crick disagreemnts with pauling and corey - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔phosphates
would repel each other and van der walls would not be chill
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