Nur 514 Chapter 6 Review Questions
and Correct Answers
Age-developmental focus ✅as individuals fulfill developmental tasks complexity
increases. Each pattern also reflects human growth and age developmental focus. As
individuals fulfill developmental task, and complexity increases. These tests provide
learning opportunities for individuals to maintain and improve their health. Ericksons
framework which organize a specific health task for individuals to accomplish at each
developmental phase of the lifecycle, continues to serve as a framework to assess and
plan care.
Erickson's Eight Stages of Development ✅1. Infancy:
trust vs mistrust. Learning to walk, take solid foods, talk and control illumination of body
waste.
2. Early childhood:
autonomy vs shame and doubt
Learning about proper foods, exercise, and sleep. Dental hygiene, injury prevention
seatbelts etc., refining psycho-motor and cognitive skills
3. Late childhood:
initiative vs guilt
Developing self Dash concept, learning attitudes of competition and cooperation, social,
ethical, and moral differences and responsibilities.
4 early adolescence:
industry vs inferiority
Learning health is an important value, self-regulation of physiological needs - sleep,
rest, food, drink, and exercise. Learn risk-taking and its consequences i.e. injury
prevention.
5. Adolescence:
identity vs role confusion
Learning economic responsibility, social responsibility for self and others such as
preventing pregnancy and STDs, experiencing social emotional and ethical
commitments to others. Accepting self and physical development, Reconciling
discrepancies between personal health concepts and observed health behaviors of
others i.e. drugs alcohol tobacco firearms violence: considering life goals and career
plans and acquiring necessary skills to reach goals. Learning importance of time to self
and the world.
6. Early adulthood:
intimacy vs isolation
Selecting and learning to live with a maid, commitment and family responsibilities,
career, charting a family, civic responsibility, health habits into lifestyle.
7. Middle adulthood:
generativity vs stagnation
, Excepting and adjusting physiologic changes, excepting aging of self and others coping
with societal pressures, maintaining economic standing of living. Recognizing
importance of good health habits. Reassessing life goals periodically.
8. Maturity:
Ego integrity vs despair
Just into decreased physical strength and health, aware of res
Health perception - health management patterns ✅Patients current lifestyle and ability
to function even when individuals do not perceive actual health problems, are unaware
of unnecessary health promotion in the absence of problems. Sometimes they don't feel
capable of managing their health or believe the activity on their part as useless Terrell
prohealth. I.e. adequate nutrition, activity and exercise, sleep and rest. Assessment
objectives include obtaining data about perceptions, management, and preventative
health practices. Exploring values helps identify potential health hazards such as lack of
adherence to prescribed medication etc.
culturally competent care ✅Is the process of acquiring specific knowledge, skills, and
attitudes to provide culturally congruent care
Cultural attunement ✅involves active "tuning in" on an ongoing basis. It involves
constant communication, sensitivity to the dynamics of relationships within a culture,
and respect for the values and beliefs of a culture. It comes from a position of cultural
humility, but it represents active attention and ongoing mindfulness.
Expected outcomes ✅specific, measurable criteria used to evaluate whether the
patient goal has been met
Functional focus ✅refers to an individual's performance level
Functional health patterns ✅Gordon's (1987) approach to assessment that addresses
each of the domains of a patient's quality of life and functional status. View the
individual as a whole being. Five areas of focus: pattern, individual - environmental, age
- developmental, functional, and cultural.
Health status ✅the sum of the positive and negative influences on a person's health
and well-being
Individual environmental focus ✅Of Gordon's framework 2016 refers to environmental
influences occurring within many of the patterns. I.e. environmental influences and
functional health pattern include role relationships, family values, and societal mores.
Nursing diagnosis ✅NANDA International definition Includes life processes, as well as
potential or actual health problems. Most nursing diagnoses are problem oriented.
