Crime Scene Investigation IAI (Answered)
288 Questions and Correct Answers With
Complete Verified Solution. Updated Fall
2024/2025.
Final analysis is done where?
In the courtroom
Major Goals of a Crime Scene Search
* The recongnition and identification of physical evidence
* The collection and proper preservation of the evidence
* Reconstrutction of the crime
* To assist detectives in forming a theory about the crime
The job of the CSI in "forensic science"
Is to properly recongnize, identify, collect, and preserve those pieces of evidence that begin the
process known as justice.
CSIs are responsible for what two of the four steps in the admissiblity of phiysical evidence for
court?
recognition and collection
Physical evidence leads to the linkage of...
the victim, perpetrator and the scene
Four Major Factors that Determine the Value of Physical Evidence
Recognition-the CSI must have the knowledge and understanding to recongnize potential items of
physical evidence located at the crime scene
Collection-Utilizing the appropriate skills and following accepted protocols to gather and preserve
the physical evidence
Testing Procedures-Application of acceptable scientific procedures to analyze the physical evidence
Courtroom Presentation-Qualifications of the witnesses to provide objective reports on the forensic
analysis of the evidence
Forensic Archeologist
Utilizes archaeological recovery techniques at scenes of mass graves or exhumations
Forensic Botanist
Can aid in determining time since death or assist in placing a suspect or victim at a location by
studying the anatomy of plant evenidence
Forensic Entomologist
,Can evaluate the life cycle of insects found at the scene or on the body of a victim to assist in
establishing investigative leads such as the movement of a body after death, manner of death, and
the postmortem interval
Forensic Odontologist
Dentist with special training in the evaluation and handling of dental evidence, including bitemark
comparison and the identification of victims/suspects
Forensic Pathologist
A medical doctor with additional specialty training in determination of injuries and disease that
cause death
Medical Examiner
A medical doctor with five or more years of specialized training in recognition of the cause and
manner of death
Coroner
An eleted or appointed official who conducts death investigations. the coroner is not required to
have a medical background and his/her duties are dictated by jurisdiction.
FSAB
Forensic Specialties Accreditation Board- provides accreditation to those certifying bodies that meet
stringent requirements for training, education, experience, and testing of individual forensic scientist
and specialist.
the duty of the expert witness is to
educate the jury and provide testimony using terminology that is easily explainable and not
misunderstood.
Essential elements of exper witness testimony
Clarity, simplicity, and honesty
expert witness testimony may be challenged in the following ways:
*the case may not require the expertise
*Basic qualifications and ability to give an opinion in the field at issue
*Insufficient education or experience to have anything of value to offer (no vaule added)
*the methodology utilized to support the opinion may not be scientifically sound or capable of
supporting the profered opinion
*The methodology may be scientifically sound, but the opinion based on the method is not
sufficiently derived from that scientific methodology
Acts of commission
Intentional
Acts of omission
unintentional
, O.J. effect
discrediting the chain of evidence, the scientists, or the science is known as the OJ effect and has
become a key defense technique
Physical evidence is valuable in many aspects and can reveal data that will aid the investigation by:
*Providing essential information on the facts of the case-corpus delicti
*Revealing the modus operandi (MO)-the preferred method of operation
*Demonstrating linkages between the vicitm, suspects, locations, and objects
*Proving or disproving witeness statements
*Identifying a suspect through DNA or other individualization
*Classifying unknown substances
*Reconstructing the crime scene-how a crime was committed
*Developing investigative leads
Corpus delicti
facts of the case
MO-Modus Operandi
the preferred method of operation
Class characteristics
physical evidence that cannot be related to a common origin with a high degree of certainty,
therefore it can only be associated with a group and never a single source
Indivdual characteristics
are distinct differences in the physical evidence that allow it to be associated with a single source
and allow the examiner to determine the uniqueness of any single object or piece of evidence
Associative evidence
items of physical evidence located during a crime scene search can be used to demonstrate linkage
or to "associate" the victim to the suspect or to a particular location
What ammendment protects against unreasonable search and seizure
Fourth amedment
Mincey v. Arizona
dictated what actions law enforcement personnel are authorized to take without first obtaining a
warrant
Items that can be obtained without obtaining a warrant
1. Seach the scene for rictims and render aid in areas where a victim could resonably be found
2. Enter the scene to search for perpetrators (only in areas where a suspect could be located)
3.While officers are legally in a location performing either of the two aforementioned actions, they
may swize items of evidentiary nature that are in plain view-however, this should only occur in
exigent circumstances, such as an unsecured weapon
Transient evidence
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