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Exam 2 HA UTMB SON1 questions and answers(100- accuracy).
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Exam 2 HA UTMB SON1 questions and answers(100- accuracy).
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Exam 2 HA UTMB SON1questions and answers(100%
accuracy)
Hypopituitary Dwarfism - answer Deficiency in growth hormone in
childhood results in retardation of growth below the 3rd percentile,
delayed puberty, hypothyroidism, and adrenal insufficiency.
Gigantism - answer excessive growth of body due to hyper-secretion of
growth hormone by the anterior pituitary.
Acromegaly (Hyperpituitarism) - answer excessive secretion of growth
hormone in adulthood causes overgrowth of bone in the face, head, hands,
feet, and internal organs, but no change in height
Achondroplastic Dwarfism - answer A genetic disorder in converting
cartilage to bone results in oral trunk size, short arms and legs, and short
stature. It is characterized by a relatively large head with frontal bossing;
mid face hypoplasia, thoracic kyphosis, prominent lumbar lordosis, and
abdominal protrusion. Men 4 ft 4 in; Women 4 ft 1 in.
anorexia nervosa - answer Serious mental health disorder is characterized
by severe and life threatening weight loss in an otherwise healthy person.
Fanatic concern about weight, aversion to food, distorted body image,
starvation diets, frenetic exercise patters, and striving for perfection.
Endogenous Obesity - Cushing Syndrome - answer either administration of
adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) or excessive production of ACTH by the
pituitary will stimulate the adrenal cortex to secrete excess cortisol. this
causes cushing syndrome, characterized by weight gain and edema with
central trunk and cervical obesity and round, plethoric face (moon face).
excessive catabolism causes muscle wasting; weakness; thin arms and
legs; reduced height; and thin, fragile skin with purple abdominal striae,
burising, and acne.
,Marfan syndrome - answer inherited connective tissue disorder marked by
a tall, thin body type with long spidery fingers and toes, elongated head,
and heart, blood vessel, and ophthalmic abnormalities
Hyperthermia - answer fever; caused by pyrogens secreted by toxic
bacteria during infections or from tissue breakdown such as the following
MI, trauma, surgery, or malignancy. Body temp >38.0 C or 100.4 F
Hypothermia - answer low body temperature; usually caused by prolonged
exposure to cold.
Bradycardia - answer slow heart rate; less than 50 beats/min
Tachycardia - answer fast heart rate; over 95 beats/min
cardiac output - answer The volume of blood ejected from the left side of
the heart in one minute.
vascular resistance - answer the opposition to blood flow due to friction
between blood and the walls of blood vessels
volume of circulating blood - answer how tightly the blood is packed into
the arteries
Viscosity of blood - answer how thick blood is which is dependent on size,
weight and gender. whole blood: 4.5-5.5; plasma: 2.0
Elasticity of vessel walls - answer when vessels stiff and rigid, pressure
needed to push increases
Hypotension - answer low blood pressure;
,Acute MI (Decreased CO), Shock (Decreased CO), Hemorrhage (Decrease in
total blood volume), Vasodilation (Decrease in peripheral vascular
resistance), Addisons disease (hypo-function of adrenal glands).
Associated S&S - Decreased CO, low BP (increased pulse, dizziness,
diaphoresis, confusion, and blurred vision), Skin feels clammy.
Hypertension - answer high blood pressure;
Major Risk factors: Smoking, Dyslipidemia, Diabetes Mellitus, Age>60 yr,
Gender (Men and postmenopausal women), Family hx of CVD: Women <65
yr or men <55 yr.
Target Organ Damage/Clinical Cardiovascular Disease: Heart Disease, Left
ventricular atrophy, Angina or prior to MI, Prior coronary
revascularization, HF, Stroke or TIA, Nephropathy, Peripheral arterial
disease, Retinopathy.
Life Style Modifications: Loss Weight if Overweight, Limit Alcohol Intake
Increase physical activity
Reduce Sodium intake
Maintain adequate intake of dietary potassium
Maintain adequate intake of dietary calcium and magnesium
Stop smoking and reduce intake of dietary saturated fat and cholesterol.
orthostatic hypotension - answer temporary low BP and dizziness when
suddenly rising from a sitting or reclining position. Systolic is > 20 mm hg;
Diastolic is > 10 mm Hg
coarctation of the aorta - answer congenital cardiac condition
characterized by a narrowing of the aorta
Nociceptive Pain - answer pain from a normal process that results in
noxious stimuli being perceived as painful
, Nociceptive: Transduction - answer a noxious stimulus in the form of a
traumatic or chemical injury, burn, incision, or tumor takes place in the
periphery.
Nociceptive: Transmission - answer Pain moves from the level of the spinal
cord to the brain.
Nociceptive: Perception - answer Conscious Awareness of painful
sensation
Nociceptive: Modulation - answer Pain message is inhibited; it slows down
and stops the processing of painful stimulus.
Neuropathic Pain - answer pain that results as a direct consequence of a
lesion or disease affecting abnormal functioning of the peripheral nervous
system (PNS) or central nervous system (CNS)
Conditions include: DM, Herpes Zoster (shingles), HIV/AIDS, Sciatica,
trigeminal neuralgia, phantom limb pain, chemotherapy.
Visceral Pain - answer Originates from larger interior organs (stomach,
intestine, gallbladder, pancreas)
Somatic pain - answer musculoskeletal tissues or body surface
Deep somatic pain - answer comes from sources such as blood vessels,
joints, tendons, muscles, and bone
Cutaneous Pain - answer derived from skin surface and subcutaneous
tissues
Referred Pain - answer Pain that is felt at a particular site but originates
from another location.
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