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Illinois seed treatment questions with verified solutions
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Illinois seed treatment questions with verified solutions
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Illinois seed treatment questionswith verified solutions 2024-2025
seed treatment pesticides include - answer 1. herbicide antidotes
(safeners) 2. bactericides 3. inscecticides 4. fungicides
not a seed treatment - answer 1. seed applied growth regulators 2.
micronutrients 3. nitrogen-fixing organisms
advantages of using seed treatment - answer 1. control of
seedborne pathogens 2. protect vulnerable seeds and seedlings
during stressful conditions of germination and emergence 3.
targeted, low dosage 4. relatively inexpensive control option 5.
relatively inexpensive control option 6. reduced environment impact
7. may be only real control option 8. may be an alternative for
spraying some early foliar pests
disadvantages of seed treatment - answer 1. accidental poisoning of
children, animals, and wildlife 2. potential for contamination of food
and feed supply 3. exposure during application and planting 4. seed
or seedling phtyotoxicity 5. limited duration of protection (also a
benefit) 6. what to do with leftover treated seed
factors that favor the use of seed treatments - answer 1. field is for
seed production 2. low test weight or older seed 3. planting in
unfavorable germination conditions such as wet and/or cold
soil(these conditions may allow weak pathogens to infect) 4.
planting into fields with a history of stand establishment problems
5. planting to precise populations 6. replanting will not be feasible if
first planting fails 7. seed is expensive 8. seed thought to carry
certain seedborne pathogens 9. yield potential of field is high
, seed treatment as part of ipm - answer 1. help minimize negative
effects on the environment 2. avoid pesticide residue in the food
supply 3. minimize economic loss due to pests
4. avoid development of pests that overcame pesticides and host
plant resistance
purpose of seed treatments - answer A. control of seedborne
pathogens *seedborne pathogens may be found on the seed
surface, in cracks and crevices or as infections inside the intact
seed * these pathogens may be important for three reasons: 1.
some seedborne pathogens may not survive in the soil or on plant
residues. 2. seedborne pathogens may get a head start and cause
greater damage. 3. seedborne pathogens may move from one
location to another in seed shipments B. control of soilborne and
foliar pests *germinating seeds and young plants are relatively
tender and lack food reserves to recover from injuries
contact pesticides - answer control only surface pathogens
systemic pesticides - answer help control seedborne pathogens both
on the surface and internally
alternatives to seed treatment - answer 1. crop rotation 2. good
fertility management 3. heat treatment 4. planting date 5. soil
applied or post-emergence sprays 6. controlling volunteer crop
plants
fungi - answer small organisms that are mostly saprophytic (live on
dead plant or animal material) but a few are pathogenic (live on live
plants or animals)
Bacteria - answer are single-celled organism that reproduce by
division
viruses - answer consist of either dna or rna with a protein coat
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