Exam (elaborations)
NURS 3500 – Cardiovascular Questions With Complete Solutions
- Course
- Institution
NURS 3500 – Cardiovascular Questions With Complete Solutions
[Show more]
Content preview
NURS 3500 – Cardiovascular Questions WithComplete Solutions
4 Chambers of the Hearts Correct Answers 1 - Right atrium
2 - Right ventricle
3 - Left ventricle
4 - Left artium
4 Valves of the Heart Correct Answers 1 - Tricuspid
2 - Pulmonic
3 - Mitral
4 - Aortic
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Correct Answers - Aneurysm
which occurs in the abdominal portion of the aorta
- Frequently found w/ CT scan
- Most common type of aortic aneurysm
Acute Coronary Syndrome Correct Answers - Conditions
associated with sudden reduced blood flow to the heart
- Often causes severe chest pain or discomfort
Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) Correct Answers
- A sudden worsening of the signs and symptoms of heart failure
Acute Signs & Symptoms of Pericarditis Correct Answers -
Grating heart sound (pericardial rub r/t friction from
inflammation)
- Sudden, sharp pain over mid-to-lower sternum radiating out
- Pain decreases when pt leans forward
,- Teeth pain, anxiety, myalgia/muscle pain
- Dyspnea & tachycardia
- Arrhythmias
Afterload Correct Answers - Peripheral resistance against what
the left ventricle must pump
Alpha-1 receptors Correct Answers - Found in vascular smooth
muscle
- Stimulation = vasoconstriction (phenylephrine,
norepinephrine)
- Inhibition = vasodilation (carvedilol, labetalol)
Angina Pectoris Correct Answers - Narrowing of the blood
vessels leads to inadequate blood flow to heart muscle which
causes chest pain
- Stable angina = pain relieved by rest or nitrates
- Unstable angina = pain occurs at rest, increasing intensity,
force, duration, isn't relieved by rest & slow reaction to nitrates
Angiography Correct Answers - Test allowing a view inside
arteries, veins, and heart chambers
- Radioactive dye is injected into arteries and x-ray is done to
view blood flow through the heart
Aortic Aneurysm Correct Answers - Weakening of wall near
aorta causes balloon bulge as blood flows through the aorta
- Blood flow over time because more turbulent and can cause
the area to increase in size (Aneurysm) and possibly rupture
- Commonly caused by atherosclerosis or degeneration of
smooth muscle r/t trauma, infection, or congenital defect
,Aortic Valve Stenosis Correct Answers - Aortic valve narrows
preventing valve from opening fully
- Obstructs blood flow causing the heart to need to pump harder
Arteries which supply heart w/ blood? Correct Answers
Coronary arteries
Arterioles Correct Answers - Small in diameter blood vessel w/
1-2 layers of smooth muscle tissue
- Branches off from artery to capillaries
Artery Correct Answers - Large muscular walled tubes in the
circulatory system
- Carries oxygenated blood to all parts of the body
Asystole Correct Answers - No ventricular electrical activity
- Unresponsive usually, pulseless
- May see a P-wave, slight impulse still making its way through
Atria but no contraction
- Lethal dysrhythmia
Atheromas Correct Answers - Fatty deposits
Atherosclerosis Correct Answers - Narrowing and hardening of
blood vessels
- Silently and slowly blocks arteries putting blood flow at risk
Atrial Fibrillation Correct Answers - Over firing of electrical
impulses from atrium causing heart to quiver
- Blood ineffectively pumped to the ventricles
, - Most common chronic arrhythmia
Beta-1 receptors Correct Answers - Found in heart
- Stimulation = increased contractility and heart rate
(norepinephrine, dobutamine)
- Inhibition = decreased rate and cardiac output (metoprolol,
atenolol)
Beta-2 receptors Correct Answers - Found in smooth muscle
such as bronchi, coronary arteries, and skeletal muscle arteries
- Stimulation = smooth muscle relaxation (albuterol)
- Inhibition = vasoconstriction (propranolol)
Blood flow through Heart Correct Answers - Enters through
superior & inferior vena cava, empties into right atrium
- Right atrium contracts and sends blood to right ventricle
through tricuspid valve (When ventricle is full, valve shuts to
prevent backflow)
- As ventricle contracts, blood leaves through pulmonic valve
into the pulmonary artery and then into lungs to be oxygenated
- Pulmonary vein empties oxygenated blood into left atrium
- Left atrium contracts and sends blood into left ventricle
through mitral valve (When ventricle is full, valve shuts to
prevent backflow)
- When ventricle contracts blood is pushed through aortic valve
into the aorta and then is distributed throughout the body
Bradycardia Correct Answers - Slow, irregular HR
C-reactive Protein (CRP) Correct Answers - Measures general
levels of inflammation in your body
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Classroom. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $14.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
80796 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now