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NURS 232 - FLUID & ELECTROLYTES QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE $13.49   Add to cart

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NURS 232 - FLUID & ELECTROLYTES QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE

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Fluid and electrolyte balance -:- The process of regulating the extracellular fluid volume, body fluid osmolality, and plasma concentrations of electrolytes Total body water is __% of body weight, and formed components are __% of body weight -:- 60, 40 Total body water -:- -60% of body we...

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  • September 17, 2024
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  • NURS 232
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NURS 232 - FLUID & ELECTROLYTES
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS |
LATEST UPDATE
Fluid and electrolyte balance


✓ -:- The process of regulating the extracellular fluid volume, body fluid

osmolality, and plasma concentrations of electrolytes




Total body water is __% of body weight, and formed components are __% of body weight


✓ -:- 60, 40




Total body water


✓ -:- -60% of body weight

✓ -Intracellular: 40% of body weight

✓ -Extracellular: 20% of body weight




Components of extracellular fluid


✓ -:- -Interstitial fluid: 14% of body weight

✓ -Plasma volume: 5% of body weight




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✓ -Transcellular volume: 1% of body weight




Interstitial fluid


✓ -:- Ultra filtrate of plasma, very little protein




Transcellular fluid


✓ -:- Lymph, synovial, intestinal, CSF, sweat, urine, pleural, peritoneal,

pericardial, and intraocular fluids




Which populations have lower water content and what is the risk of this?


✓ -:- -Females have higher % of fatty tissue so have lower water content

than males

-Older adults and obese persons




-Risk = more likely to be affected by any fluid imbalance




Populations at greatest risk for fluid and electrolyte imbalances




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✓ -:- Pediatrics

-75% to 80% of body weight


-Susceptible to significant changes in body fluids


◦Dehydration in newborns




Aging


-Decreased % of total body water


◦Decreased free fat mass and decreased muscle mass


◦Renal decline


◦Diminished thirst perception




Capillary network


✓ -:- -Blood flows from arterioles → metarterioles → capillary network

-Venules drain network


-Smooth muscle in arterioles, metarterioles, precapillary sphincters regulates blood flow




Aquaporins



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✓ -:- Pores in the cell membrane that let water in and out




Forces for movement of water and solutes


✓ -:- -Filtration:


◦Capillary hydrostatic pressure (blood pressure)


◦Interstitial osmotic pressure (water-pulling)


-Reabsorption:


◦Plasma (capillary) osmotic pressure (water-pulling) (↑ albumin), aka oncotic pressure


◦Interstitial hydrostatic pressure




-Osmotic and hydrostatic pressure are opposing forces that keep the distribution of water

constant




When capillary hydrostatic pressure is greater than osmotic pressure...


✓ -:- fluid leaves the capillary and enters the tissue




When capillary hydrostatic pressure is less than osmotic pressure...




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