Summary of literature lecture 7 Learning at School (LOS) UvA
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Course
Leren op school (70120231AY)
Institution
Universiteit Van Amsterdam (UvA)
Samenvatting van de literatuur die we moeten lezen voor hoorcollege 7 van Leren Op School. Engelse literatuur is in het Engels samengevat.
Literatuur:
- Learning to read words: Findings, theories, and issues. – Ehri (2005)
- Breaking the reading code: Letter knowledge when children break the...
Learning to read words: Findings, theories, and issues. –
Ehri (2005)
Four ways to read words:
1. Decoding: Blending graphemes into phonemes or larger letter chunks into words.
2. Analogising: Using known words to read new ones (e.g., "bottle" for "throttle").
3. Prediction: Guessing unfamiliar words using context and letter clues.
4. Memory/Sight: Recognizing previously encountered words without decoding.
Phases in reading (both in transparent and opaque orthographies):
1. Pre-alphabetic phase: Relying on visual cues that do not involve the alphabetic system.
2. Partial alphabetic phase: Connecting only some letters and sounds, often leading to partial
spellings.
3. Full alphabetic phase: learning sight words by forming complete connections between letters
in spellings and phonemes in pronunciations, because they know the major grapheme-
phoneme correspondences.
4. Consolidated phase: Recognizing patterns and larger units like syllables, improving memory
for sight words.
Key Insights:
Phonemic Maps: Help link spellings to pronunciations and are crucial for sight word learning.
Alphabetic Knowledge: Spellings improve memory for sounds by retaining them as visual
symbols. It highlights the importance of a strong alphabetic foundation.
Orthographic Structure: Children can recognize spelling patterns earlier than phase theory
suggests, indicating that visual and alphabetic knowledge are important for word memory.
Transparent Orthographies: In languages with clear letter-sound correspondences, sight
words still become unitized through phonological processes. Instructional methods affect the
development of reading phases, and sight word recognition may take longer in some
languages.
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