Alpha Blockers Correct Answers i.e. *Prazosin*
*working on the vasculature instead of the myocardium*
Side effects: same as beta blockers, orthostatic hypotension (first
given at night time)
should not be given to patients with *erectile dysfunction*-may
result in *profound hypotension*
Angiotensin II Receptors Blockers Correct Answers i.e.
*losartan*
Intended response same as ACE, but slightly different action,
*fewer side effects*
*Does not have ACE dry cough*
Side effects: hyperkalemia, diarrhea, hypotension
Adverse effects: rare but include kidney failure and angioedema
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors Correct
Answers i.e. *enalopril* "-pril"
*Given in combination with diuretics
Intended Responses: vasodilation, lower BP, decreased
workload of heart
Side effects: hypotension, *hyperkalemia*
*persistent dry cough*- may require patient to ARB drugs
Adverse effects: fever/chills, hoarseness, Angioedema, dyspnea,
dysphagia, yellow eyes or skin (jaundice)
*Class D/X in pregnancy*
Before and after: BP, K levels, *avoid salt substitutes*
, Side effects: drowsiness, blurred vision, tachycardia, dry mouth,
urinary hesitancy or retention
*Not for long term use*
Beta Blockers Correct Answers *-"lol"*
Intended responses: block epinephrine (blocks adrenaline to
decrease HR), decrease workload of heart, lowered BP
Side effects: impotence, insomnia, lethargy
Adverse effects: slow HR, chest pain, dyspnea, cyanotic nail
beds, seizures
*affects diabetic patients blood glucose levels* (wouldn't know
HR is up when on Beta Blockers)
*Do not discontinue suddenly-may cause heart attack *taper this
drug*
*Hold if HR is less than 60*
Biguanides Correct Answers i.e. *metformin*
*First line*
Increases cell sensitivity to insulin
Side Effects: bloating, flatulence, indigestion, abdominal pain
and headache
Adverse Effects: hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis
Calcium Channel Blockers (general) Correct Answers i.e.
*amlodipine, diltiazem, verapamil*
Block Ca from entering muscle cells of heart and arteries;
decrease strength in heart contractions, dilate arteries
Side effects: *constipation* and *edema in legs*, hypotension
Adverse effects: dysrhythmias, *Steven Johnsons syndrome*
Cardiac Glycosides Correct Answers i.e. *Digoxin*
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