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NUR 521 exam 3 study guide Exam 2024/2025 Questions With Completed & Verified Solution.
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NUR 521 exam 3 study guide Exam 2024/2025 Questions With Completed & Verified Solution.
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NUR 521 exam 3 study guidetrust vs mistrust - ANS i. Birth- 1 year
ii. responding to infants' basic needs of feeding, cleaning, touching, holding, cuddling, diapering;
if not met -> mistrust
iii. overtime infants learn they are separate beings from their caregivers; learn to tolerate small
amounts of frustration and trust although they will still get gratification even if delayed
quality - ANS in trust vs mistrust, the major element is _____ of the caregiver
failure in trusting others, society, view world as unreliable and inconsistent - ANS complications
with trust vs mistrust
autonomy vs shame and doubt - ANS -1-3 years
-Beginning to assert independence and self-control
-Shame and doubt: child will become more negative than independent, doubt themselves
negativism - ANS what is a big aspect of autonomy vs shame and doubt?
initiative vs guilt - ANS 4-6 years
-State of energetic learning, "can do" attitude, promote self-confidence, sense of purpose
- if successful, will feel like they're leading others
-Guilt- if they don't live up to expectations or inappropriate actions (low self-esteem)
goal - ANS in initiative vs guilt (4-6) behavior is now _____ directed
conscience - ANS by age 5, in initiative vs guilt, the child now has a ______; i. knows between
right and wrong but may not know why, work through stage/resolves conflict through play and
imagination
industry vs inferiority - ANS i. 6-12 years; school age
ii. Developing sense of self-worth by getting involved
iii. Interested in learning how things work and are made
iv. Enjoy team and working activities
v. Satisfaction from achieving success
vi. If expectations are set too high for the child, they'll develop a sense of inferiority and
incompetence
school and play - ANS in industry vs inferiority (6-12), children learn to differentiate between
______ and ______
identity vs role confusion - ANS i. 12-20 years
,ii. Developing their own sense of identity
iii. Finds support from peer groups in seeking identity
iv. Revisits each stage of development
v. Frequent mood changes, body image is vitally important
vi. Success: independent person with strong sense of self, devotion, and fidelity to others, high
sense of values
vii. Unsuccessful: insecure, continue role confusion
preconventional - ANS i. Preschool years (4-6)
ii. Behavior and judgements based on expectations of punishment or future enjoyment or
rewards
iii. Obedience is the norm (disobedience = punishment)
iv. Withholding love as punishment -> guilt
conventional - ANS i. 7-10 years
1. Doesn't want to get punished, wants to please others
2. Follows rules to be a "good person"
3. Think the adult is always right
conventional - ANS i. 10-12 years
1. Believes rules for good relationships and strong community
2. Understands the golden rule
3. Obeys rules to maintain social order; "it's the right thing to do"
4. Able to understand circumstances surrounding their actions
post conventional - ANS i. View of morality transcends rules and laws
ii. Believe in set of values and higher values
Self-accepted principles: what i believe, was ___ treated fairly
oral stage - ANS Pleasure is focused on oral activities: feeding and sucking
oral passive - ANS 1-6 months (sucking, the it gratification is met)
oral aggressive - ANS Starts at 6 months (baby bites for pleasure)
dependency, aggressing, drinking, smoking, nailbiting - ANS not meeting the oral passive/
sucking stage can lead to what later on?
sensorimotor - ANS i. Birth- 2 years
ii. Limited motor responses to sensory stimuli; coordinates sensation and then repeats for
pleasure more than result
, object permanence, repeating sensations, repeating actions to trigger environmental response,
intentional actions, separate being from parent, trial and error, egocentrism - ANS what are
some of the key points in the sensorimotor stage?
object permanence - ANS 1. Hiding behind the back doesn't mean it's really gone
4, 8 - ANS object permanence is introduced at ___ months and solidified at ___ months
repeating sensations - ANS 1. Shaking a rattle, liking the sound, doing it again
7 - ANS repeating sensations is achieved at ____ months
repeating action to trigger environmental repsonse - ANS 1. Holding out their arms so they get
picked up
2. Associate acts with responses
Crying before fed or being changed
8 - ANS repeat action to trigger environmental response is achieved at ___ months
intentional actions, separate being from parents - ANS 1. Imitates actions like waving bye bye
2. More mobile, don't mind going in another room unless parent is nearby
12 - ANS intentional actions, separate being from parents is achieved at ____ months
trial and error - ANS Experiment what happens with trial; earliest traces of memory
egocentrism - ANS 1. Only considers self
1-2 years - ANS trial and error and egocentrism are achieved by _____ _____
preoperational stage - ANS piaget; ages 2-7
animism, early representation of thought, transductive reasoning, egocentrism, intuitive thought,
centration, time - ANS what are some of the major accomplishments in the preoperational
stage?
early representation of thought - ANS 1. Moving toward mental operations, starting to
understand size, symbols represent objects
a. Starting to think things out, cardboard box for train
2. Judge right from wrong depending on damage done
transductive reasoning - ANS 1. connecting things that are unrelated if they occur together or
appear similar; dad comes home and we eat dinner, dad came home earlier and we should be
eating but we aren't
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