Cyber security Questions and Answers
Access management
Managing the access to a computer system/network. It includes procedures such as account administration, account maintenance, account monitoring and the revocation of an account.
Account lockout
A software security method performed b...
Access management - answer Managing the access to a computer system/network. It
includes procedures such as account administration, account maintenance, account
monitoring and the revocation of an account.
Account lockout - answer A software security method performed by operating system
software that locks any account when a user fails a login attempt more than a set
number of times. For example, system software can be set up to lock an account for
several hours if the user fails the login three consecutive times in a set time frame.
Anti-malware - answer Software designed to prevent, detect and eradicate malicious
software, such as a virus or a worm
Anomaly based - answer Software that is designed to detect computer intrusions and
misuse by monitoring system activity and classifying it as either normal or anomalous.
Asset - answer Something that is of value to a person, an organization or a state, e.g.
data, finance and secrets that should be secured against cyber security incidents.
Attacker - answer Individuals or organizations that target computer systems/networks
illegally.
Audit trail - answer A record of activities on a computer system/network, for example, a
record of modifications to data or access to parts of a system/network.
Availability - answer Data/information stored on a computer system/network must be
available to authorized users and organizations and be protected from unauthorized
deletion.
Biometric access - answer Access to a computer system/network using technologies
that measure and analyses human body characteristics for authentication purposes,
such as DNA, fingerprints, retinas, voice patterns, facial patterns and hand
measurements.
Botnet - answer A network of computers infected with malicious software and controlled
without the owners' knowledge, for example, to send spam or hoax emails.
Business continuity plan - answer A plan to continue operations that an organization will
follow if it is affected by a cyber security incident
, Confidentiality - answer Information stored on a computer system/network must be
protected against unintended or unauthorized access. Data confidentiality is a measure
of the ability of a system to protect its data.
Cybercriminal - answer An individual who commits illegal activities using computers and
the Internet.
Cyber dependent - answer Illegal activities dependent on the use of computers and the
Internet, such as hacking or the distribution of malware on a network.
Cyber enabled - answer Illegal activities that could be undertaken without the use of
computers, such as fraud but that are enabled by the use of computers, such as
fraudulently obtaining money for goods online.
Cyber security - answer Refers to technologies, processes and practices designed to
protect computers, networks, software and data from attack, damage or unauthorized
access and aims to protect data confidentiality, integrity and availability.
Cyber security incident - answer An unwanted/unexpected event, such as an intrusion
into a computer system/network, such as the spread of malware.
Cyber security incident report - answer A report that documents the details of a cyber
security incident, such as the type of incident, when it occurred, how it was performed,
etc.
Denial of service - answer An attempt to disrupt a network/business/organization by
issuing more requests than a system is able to cope with, it can be performed with
malicious intent or as a protest.
Disaster recovery plan - answer A plan that documents a set of procedures for an
organization to follow in order to recover and protect a computer system and its data in
the event of a cyber security incident.
Encryption - answer A method that is used to attempt to ensure data security by use of
encrypted (secret) code. In order to read the contents of an encrypted message or file,
someone must have access to a secret key or password that will enable them to decrypt
the message or file.
Escalation of privileges - answer Exploiting a weakness or weaknesses in an operating
system or software application, such as a bug, design flaw or configuration oversight
and gaining elevated access to resources that are normally protected.
Ethical hacking - answerAn individual who attempts to penetrate a computer
system/network on behalf of its owners for the purpose of finding security vulnerabilities
that a malicious hacker could potentially exploit. He or she is also known as a white hat
hacker. He or she can also work alone.
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