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OSCE Exam Questions And Accurate Answers 2024-2025What is the most common used LA in dentistry?
Lidocaine
What percentage is lidocaine?
2%
What are the trade names for Lidocaine?
Xylocaine, lignospan
What is the duration of lidocaine w/ epi?
3-4 hours for soft tissue and 60 mins for pupal
What is the onset for Lidocaine?
2-5 mins
What is the mechanism of action for lidocaine?
Amide, blocks sodium channels
What is the purpose for epinephrine in LA?
Act as a vasoconstrictor which helps the anesthetic last longer (keeps it localized)
What is the second most popular LA in dentistry?
Articaine
What LA is powerful via infiltration?
Articaine ( it is very potent and can diffuse to bone)
What percent is Articaine?
4%
What is the mechanism of action for Articaine?
Amide and ester- greater lipid solubility and ability to cross neural membranes
-Blocks nerve conduction by binding to sodium channels
what are some trade names of Articaine?
,Septocaine, orabloc
What is the duration of Articaine with epi?
3- 6 hours for soft tissue and 60-75 mins for pupal
What is the onset for Articaine?
1-3 mins
What anesthetic does not have epinephrine in it?
Mepivacaine
What percent is mepivacaine?
3% without epi and 2% with levondefrin *alternative to epi
What is mepivacaine good for?
- short appointments
-pediatric patients
-hypersensitive patients
-geriatric/special needs pts
What is Mepivacaine not good for?
- long appointments
- complex appointments ex. Molar endo, fixed Proths and multiple extractions
What is a trade name for mepivacaine?
Carbocaine, Polocaine
What is the onset for mepivacaine?
3-5 mins
What is the duration for mepivacaine?
2 hours for soft tissue and 20 mins for pulpal or 40 mins for nerve block
What LA is the longest lasting?
Bupivacaine
What is a trade name for bepivacaine?
Marcaine
, What is the percent for bupivacaine?
0.5 %
What is the onset for bupivacaine?
6-10 mins
What is the duration for bupivacaine?
4-9 hours for soft tissue and 60 mins for pulpal
What do you want to avoid with bupivacaine?
Avoid with young children/special needs due to long duration = possible selfinflicted
injury
When does one mainly use bupivacaine?
Used to manage post-op discomfort, given at end of a procedure ex. 3rd molars
What is a trade name for Prilocaine?
Citanest
What is the percent for prilocaine?
4%
What is the onset for prilocaine?
3-5 mins
How long does prilocaine w/o epi last?
2-4 hours for soft tissue and 15 mins pulpal (via infiltration) or 40-60 mins for nerve block
Which LA is used all round?
Lidocaine
Which LA is used mainly for infiltrations?
Articaine (b/c diffused through the bone)
Which LA has no Epi and is short lasting?
Mepivacaine
Which LA is long lasting?
Bupivacaine
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