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NUR 257 EXAM
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Exam study book Surgery Secrets - E-book of Md. Nur Hossain Bhuiyan - ISBN: 9788131251119 (NUR 257 EXAM)
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NUR 257 EXAM 1,2 AND 3 BUNDLE NEWEST ACTUAL EXAMCOMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
During a mumps outbreak at a local school, a patient, who is a school teacher, is
exposed. She has previously been immunized for mumps. What type of immunity
does she possess?
A) Acquired immunity
B) Natural immunity
C) Phagocytic immunity
D) Humoral immunity - ANSWER: A) Acquired immunity
Acquired immunity usually develops as a result of prior exposure to an antigen, often
through immunization. When the body is attacked by bacteria, viruses, or other
pathogens, it has three means of defense. The first line of defense, the phagocytic
immune response, involves the WBCs that have the ability to ingest foreign particles.
A second protective response is the humoral immune response, which begins when
the B lymphocytes transform themselves into plasma cells that manufacture
antibodies. The natural immune response system is rapid, nonspecific immunity
present at birth.
A patients injury has initiated an immune response that involves inflammation. What
are the first cells to arrive at a site of inflammation?
A) Eosinophils
B) Red blood cells
C) Lymphocytes
D) Neutrophils - ANSWER: D) Neutrophils
Neutrophils are the first cells to arrive at the site where inflammation occurs.
Eosinophils increase in number during allergic reactions and stress responses, but
are not always present during inflammation. RBCs do not migrate during an immune
response. Lymphocytes become active but do not migrate to the site of
inflammation.
A nurse is admitting a patient who exhibits signs and symptoms of a nutritional
deficit. Inadequate intake of what nutrient increases a patients susceptibility to
infection?
A) Vitamin B12
B) Unsaturated fats
C) Proteins
D) Complex carbohydrates - ANSWER: C) Proteins
,Depletion of protein reserves results in atrophy of lymphoid tissues, depression of
antibody response, reduction in the number of circulating T cells, and impaired
phagocytic function. As a result, the patient has an increased susceptibility to
infection. Low intake of fat and vitamin B12affects health, but is not noted to directly
create a risk for infection. Low intake of complex carbohydrates is not noted to
constitute a direct risk factor for infection.
A clinic nurse is caring for a patient admitted with AIDS. The nurse has assessed that
the patient is experiencing a progressive decline in cognitive, behavioral, and motor
functions. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms are most likely related to the
onset of what complication?
A) HIV encephalopathy
B) B-cell lymphoma
C) Kaposis sarcoma
D) Wasting syndrome - ANSWER: A) HIV encephalopathy
HIV encephalopathy is a clinical syndrome characterized by a progressive decline in
cognitive, behavioral, and motor functions. The other listed complications do not
normally have cognitive and behavioral manifestations.
The mother of two young children has been diagnosed with HIV and expresses fear
of dying. How should the nurse best respond to the patient?
A) Would you like me to have the chaplain come speak with you?
B) Youll learn much about the promise of a cure for HIV.
C) Can you tell me what concerns you most about dying?
D) You need to maintain hope because you may live for several years. - ANSWER: C)
Can you tell me what concerns you most about dying?
The nurse can help the patient verbalize feelings and identify resources for support.
The nurse should respond with an open-ended question to help the patient to
identify fears about being diagnosed with a life-threatening chronic illness.
Immediate deferral to spiritual care is not a substitute for engaging with the patient.
The nurse should attempt to foster hope, but not in a way that downplays the
patients expressed fears.
A nurse is working with a patient who was diagnosed with HIV several months
earlier. The nurse should recognize that a patient with HIV is considered to have
AIDS at the point when the CD4+ T-lymphocyte cell count drops below what
threshold?
A) 75 cells/mm3 of blood
B) 200 cells/mm3 of blood
C) 325 cells/mm3 of blood
D) 450 cells/mm3 of blood - ANSWER: B) 200 cells/mm3 of blood
, When CD4+ T-cell levels drop below 200 cells/mm3 of blood, the person is said to
have AIDS
A patient with a family history of allergies has suffered an allergic response based on
a genetic predisposition. This atopic response is usually mediated by what
immunoglobulin?
A) Immunoglobulin A
B) Immunoglobulin M
C) Immunoglobulin G
D) Immunoglobulin E - ANSWER: D) Immunoglobulin E
Atopy refers to allergic reactions characterized by the action of IgE antibodies and a
genetic predisposition to allergic reactions.
A patient has developed severe contact dermatitis with burning, itching, cracking,
and peeling of the skin on her hands. What should the nurse teach the patient to do?
A) Wear powdered latex gloves when in public.
B) Wash her hands with antibacterial soap every few hours.
C) Maintain room temperature at 75F to 80F whenever possible.
D) Keep her hands well-moisturized at all times. - ANSWER: D) Keep her hands well-
moisturized at all times.
Powdered latex gloves can cause contact dermatitis. Skin should be kept well-
hydrated and should be washed with mild soap. Maintaining roomtemperature at
75F to 80F is not necessary.
The nurse in an allergy clinic is educating a new patient about the pathology of the
patients health problem. What response should the nurse describe as a possible
consequence of histamine release?
A) Constriction of small venules
B) Contraction of bronchial smooth muscle
C) Dilation of large blood vessels
D) Decreased secretions from gastric and mucosal cells - ANSWER: B) Contraction of
bronchial smooth muscle
Histamines effects during the immune response include contraction of bronchial
smooth muscle, resulting in wheezing and bronchospasm, dilation of small venules,
constriction of large blood vessels, and an increase in secretion of gastric and
mucosal cells.
The nurse is providing care for a patient who has experienced a type I
hypersensitivity reaction. What condition is an example of such a reaction?
A) Anaphylactic reaction after a bee sting
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