Praxis 5205, Praxis 5205 {Teaching Reading:
Elementary} Exam Study Guide.
Emergent reading stage - answer✔Readers develop pre-reading behaviors and understand
concepts of print
Characteristics of emergent stage - answer✔Learn how to hold the book and understand that
print hold meaning
Instructional strategies in emergent stage - answer✔Read aloud to students, Model concepts of
print,
Plan classroom activities to build their phonological awareness and phonemic awareness skills
Characteristics of text for emergent readers - answer✔Simple sentence structure, high
frequency words, focus on familiar topics to activate prior knowledge and assist with
comprehension
Early reading stage - answer✔Beginning to use a combination of reading strategies and curing
systems to decode and comprehend simple texts
Characteristics of early reading stage - answer✔Expand vocabulary, use strategies to figure out
unknown words, read silently, self-monitor reading
Characteristics of text in early reading - answer✔Relies more on print, content specific words
are used, longer, more complex sentences
Instructional strategies for early reading stage - answer✔Provide opportunities for students to
read frequently, activities with advanced phonemic skills, model reading strategies with cuing
systems
Transitional stage of reading development - answer✔Readers use a wide range of reading
strategies to support comprehension of complex text
Characteristics of readers in transitional stage - answer✔Can engage in sustained, quiet reading
for extended periods of time, identify story elements, make inferences and conclusions
Characteristics of text for transitional readers - answer✔Chapter books, story elements
described in detail, topics may be familiar or unfamiliar, fiction and nonfiction
Fluent reading stage - answer✔Readers can confidently read and comprehend a wide range of
complex text independently
Fluent stage characteristics of readers - answer✔Know how to use text features to locate
information, understand text from multiple point of views, read complex text quickly, accurately,
and appropriate expression
Characteristics of text in fluent stage - answer✔Rely on print to convey meaning, require deep
analysis, use descriptive and figurative language
Instructional strategies in fluent stage - answer✔Model how to use research tools, encounter
content specific and technical vocab, reread text multiple times to analyze different layers of text
Social knowledge - answer✔Social conventions passed down within members of a community
ex: greetings, manners
procedural knowledge - answer✔knowledge applied to carry out procedural tasks
physical knowledge - answer✔Learned by observing the features of something- reading texts
containing academic language helps develop this knowledge
Domain knowledge - answer✔Skills used by experts ina particular field-reading texts
containing academic language helps develop this knowledge
Empirical knowledge - answer✔Obtained from scientific experimentation and data collection-
reading texts containing academic language helps develop this knowledge
Academic literacy - answer✔Knowledge and skills necessary to communicate effectively in
academic situations
Components of Fluency - answer✔Rate- reading fluency
Accuracy- decoding words correctly without errors
Prosody- reading expression
Developing fluency in early readers - answer✔Focus on developing accuracy, explicit phonics
instruction, model fluent and disfluent reading, choral reading
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