PMCOL 343: ANS I Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
What are the 3 divisions of the peripheral nervous system - answer✔Autonomic, somatic, and
visceral
What are the 3 divisions of the autonomic nervous system - answer✔Sympathetic,
parasympathetic, and enteric
What happens to the eyes during sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation -
answer✔Sympathetic = pupils dilate
Parasympathetic = pupils constrict
What happens to the mouth during sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation -
answer✔Sympathetic = inhibits salivation
Parasympathetic = stimulates salivation
What happens to heart the during sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation -
answer✔Sympathetic = heart rate increases
Parasympathetic = heart rate decreases
What happens to the lungs during sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation -
answer✔Sympathetic = relaxes airways
Parasympathetic = constricts airways
What happens to the GIT during sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation -
answer✔Sympathetic = stops blood flow to GIT
Parasympathetic = promotes blood flow to GIT
What happens to the liver during sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation -
answer✔Sympathetic = stimulates glucose release / production
Parasympathetic = stimulates bile release
What division of the spine is the sympathetic system - answer✔Thoracolumbar (T1-L2)
What division of the spine is the parasympathetic system - answer✔Craniosacral (cranial +
sacral regions)
Describe how a somatic nerve is different than a autonomic nerve - answer✔A somatic nerve
goes straight from the CNS to the effector, whereas the autonomic nerves participate in
ganglionic synapses (1 exception)
What is the one exception of an autonomic nerve that directly innervates its target tissue -
answer✔The adrenal medulla is innervated directly by an autonomic fibre
What is the neurotransmitter released by ALL preganglionic nerves - answer✔Acetylcholine
What is the neurotransmitter released by most sympathetic post ganglionic nerves -
answer✔Norepinephrine
What is the one exception to norepinephrine being released by the post ganglionic nerve; what is
the target tissue in this exception - answer✔Sweat glands are innervated by acetylcholine
instead of norepinephrine
Describe the general nerve sequence and neurotransmitters involved for a parasympathetic
response - answer✔CNS o---< ACh o---< ACh
What are the receptors involved in a parasympathetic response - answer✔Nicotinic receptor in
the preganglionic synapse, muscarinic receptors in the postganglionic synapse
Describe the general nerve sequence and neurotransmitters involved for a sympathetic response
(not for sweat glands or adrenal medulla) - answer✔CNS o---< ACh o---< NE
What receptors are involved in a sympathetic response (not for sweat glands or adrenal medulla)
- answer✔Nicotinic receptors in the preganglionic synapse, norepinephrine in the post
ganglionic synapse
What receptors are used for the 2 exceptions of the sympathetic response - answer✔Muscarinic
receptors for the postganglionic synapse for sweat glands, nicotinic receptors for the adrenal
medulla
What arrangement do the sympathetic ganglia lie in - answer✔Paravertebral sympathetic chains
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