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PLS 241 FINAL EXAM with verified solutions
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PLS 241 FINAL EXAM with verified solutions
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PLS 241 FINAL EXAMAnalogy - correct answer ✔✔A previous situation that (you think) explains a present one. (No two cases
are identical, so IR is replete with false analogies).
Arms Race - correct answer ✔✔Competition between rival countries to build more weapons. (Your
search for security ends up making you less secure).
Asymmetric - correct answer ✔✔Power of the two sides are very unequal. (In the case of terrorists,
makes it very hard to defeat with conventional forces)
Causality - correct answer ✔✔Proving that one thing causes another. (For example, any given war has a
mixture of causes, and no two mixtures will be the same; therefore, causality is hard to prove)
Classic Liberalism - correct answer ✔✔Adam Smith's theory that an economy corrects itself without
government supervision; became U.S. conservatism.
Clausewitz - correct answer ✔✔Prussian General credited as the first to use "escalation" in its modern
military sense (Civil authorities must block the tendency to make war "absolute" by making sure the war
serves limited, political objectives)
Escalation - correct answer ✔✔Tendency of war to grow bigger and bigger.
Level of Analysis - correct answer ✔✔Where you suppose causality resides: in individuals, states, or the
international system.
Macro - correct answer ✔✔Big, panoramic view of state interactions.
Micro - correct answer ✔✔Close-ups of individual and small-group behavior.
, Reactionary - correct answer ✔✔Extremely conservative; seeks returning to old ways.
Revolutionary - correct answer ✔✔In Kissenger's theory, IR system in which major state seeks to
overthrow others.
Appeasement - correct answer ✔✔A concession to satisfy a hostile country; in disrepute since Hitler.
Blitzkrieg - correct answer ✔✔German for "lightning war": quick armored attack. (Through constant
motion, attempts to keep enemy off-balance and unable to respond effectively)
Coercive Disarmament - correct answer ✔✔Methods of compelling a foe to give up weapons. (We had
strong-armed Iraq into giving up its WMD long before the 2003 war, we just didn't know we had
succeeded)
Credibility - correct answer ✔✔Being considered trustworthy or believable, the crux of deterrence. (By
dropping the atomic bomb, the U.S. added credibility to U.S. deterrence - specifically against Soviet
Union)
Defense - correct answer ✔✔Blocking an enemy's attack. (Makes an opponent's offense ineffective and
also serves as a deterrent)
Detente Diplomacy - correct answer ✔✔Attempts to relax tensions between hostile countries. (Nuclear
weapons have made the use of force dangerous and unstable)
Deterrence - correct answer ✔✔Dissuading attack by showing its high costs. (A rational enemy will not
attack if the costs outweigh the benefits)
Disarmament - correct answer ✔✔Elimination of existing weapons. (Disarmament, by eradicating the
expectation and tools of war, prevents wars)
Extended Deterrence - correct answer ✔✔Covering allies with your nuclear capacity, as in U.S. promises
to NATO.
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