NREMT Practice Test Bank - Multiple Choice Questions and Correct Answers | Latest Update
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Course
NREMT
Institution
NREMT
Hypoglycemia and acute ischemic stroke can present similarly because:
• A:both oxygen and glucose are needed for brain function.
• B:the majority of stroke patients have a history of diabetes.
• C:the most common cause of a stroke is hypoglycemia.
• D:they are both caused by low levels ...
NREMT Practice Test Bank - Multiple
Choice Questions and Correct Answers | Latest
Update
Hypoglycemia and acute ischemic stroke can present similarly because:
• A:both oxygen and glucose are needed for brain function.
• B:the majority of stroke patients have a history of diabetes.
• C:the most common cause of a stroke is hypoglycemia.
• D:they are both caused by low levels of glucose in the blood.
✓ -:- • A:both oxygen and glucose are needed for brain function.
Reason: Although stroke and hypoglycemia are two distinctly different conditions, their signs
and symptoms are often similar. This is because the brain requires both oxygen and glucose
to function normally. An acute ischemic stroke is caused by a lack of oxygen to a part of the
brain due to a blocked cerebral artery, whereas hypoglycemia (low blood glucose level)
deprives the entire brain of glucose. In either case, the patient presents with signs of
impaired brain function (ie, slurred speech, weakness, altered mental status). Both
conditions may lead to permanent brain damage or death if not treated promptly.
When dealing with an emotionally disturbed patient, you should be MOST concerned with:
level of consciousness, which can range from bizarre behavior to complete
unresponsiveness. Causes of an altered mental status include hypo- or hyperglycemia, head
trauma, stroke, behavioral crises, drug overdose, and shock, among others.
A young female is unresponsive after overdosing on an unknown type of drug. Her
respirations are slow and shallow and her pulse is slow and weak. Which of the following
drugs is the LEAST likely cause of her condition?
• A:Seconal
• B:Heroin
• C:Cocaine
• D:Valium
✓ -:- The correct answer is C;
Reason: Of the drugs listed, cocaine would be the least likely cause of the patient's
condition. Cocaine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant; you would expect her to be
hypertensive, tachycardic, tachypneic, and perhaps even violent. Heroin, Valium, and Seconal
are all CNS depressants and could explain her condition. Heroin is an illegal narcotic
(opiate), Valium is a benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic drug, and Seconal is a barbiturate.
Narcotics, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates are all CNS depressants. When taken in
excess, they cause a decreased level of consciousness, respiratory depression, bradycardia,
and hypotension.
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