What are the four functions of behavior? Give an example for each. correct answers Tangible: individual wants a particular item of experience
ex: child cries because the parent won't let them have a toy
Escape/Avoidance: the individual does not want to do demands or what is asked of them
ex: chi...
CSD 505 Midterm || with 100% Errorless Answers.
What are the four functions of behavior? Give an example for each. correct answers Tangible:
individual wants a particular item of experience
ex: child cries because the parent won't let them have a toy
Escape/Avoidance: the individual does not want to do demands or what is asked of them
ex: child elopes to "get out" of working on a project
Attention Seeking: all attention is good attention
ex: child hitting to get attention from an adult
Sensory Stimulation: the individual needs sensory input to feel regulated
ex: child squeezing an adults arm because they like the feeling of pressure
What is the behavioral approach and what is the naturalist approach? correct answers -2
approaches to intervention in autism
behavioral: language is view from the strict constructs of behaviorism, where a stimulus
produces a response, which in turn produces a consequence. This approach suggests that
language is a learned behavior and can be observed and measured.
naturalistic: three core theoretical elements: (a) children are active learners and participants, (b)
developmentally appropriate expectations, and (c) intervention occurs during meaningful
contexts
What are some examples of behavioral approaches fro autism intervention? correct answers
Discrete Trial Training (DTT): teaches attending, skill acquisition, requesting, communication
and academic content
Functional Communication training (FCT): focuses on challenging behaviors that are used to
communicate something (ex: self-injurious behaviors to avoid tasks, clinician may teach an
appropriate replacement behavior like pointing or using a picture
ABA: Applied Behavioral Analysis, DTT, Pivotal Response Training
What are children usually able to do better with the naturalistic approach than behavioral
approaches? correct answers they can usually generalize skills better
-also includes floor time
What is the best approach according to Hughes? correct answers a blended approach
-mix between naturalistic and behavioral
What are the DSM V criteria for autism and what are key characteristics that generate an autism
diagnosis correct answers A. Persistent deficit in social communication and social interaction
across multiple contexts
-normal social interactions
-nonverbal communication behaviors
-developing and maintaining relationships
(severity is based on social communication impairments and restricted repetitive patterns of
behaviors
B. Restricted repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or activities:
, -stereotyped/repetitive motor movements, use of objects or speech
-insistence on "sameness" or inflexible and must stick to routines or ritualized patterns
-highly restricted/fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity
-hyper or hypo-activity to sensory input
C. Symptoms must be present in early developmental period
D. Symptoms cause clinically significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important
areas of current functioning
E. Disturbances are not better explained by intellectual disability or global developmental delay
What are the types of settings where adults with autism and/or intellectual disability can be
found? correct answers -institutions
-group home
-adult foster care
-supported living
-independent living
-family home
-board and care
-self-directed services
-adult-day programs
What is the Lanterman Act and its applicability to services for individuals with autism correct
answers A California Law that says individuals with developmental disabilities and their families
have a right to get the services and supports (funding) they need in order to live like people
without disabilities
-we should know how to communicate to these individuals and their families which resources are
available to them
What does the concept of Presumed Competency mean? correct answers a key component of a
strengths-based approach to assessment and intervention for serving any population is the notion
of presumed competence: the assumption that the individual brings capability, strengths, and
competency to a task or endeavor
*essentially says that we presume this person has abilites and just because they can't
communicate verbally doesn't mean we lower the bar
What are strategies for promoting presumed competency? correct answers -use age-appropriate
communication with clients
-support clients in demonstrating their strengths
-assume that every individual will benefit from learning age-appropriate skills/cirriculum
-support access to age-appropriate information/curriculum through accommodations and
adaptations
look for solutions to success: "how can this work?"
-do not speak about the client in front of the client, include the person as you would a
neurotypical person
-do not speak for the client
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