Week 4 Surveillance and outbreak investigations Practice Exam Questions Fully Solved .
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Course
Surveillance and Outbreak Investigation
Institution
Surveillance And Outbreak Investigation
Steps for public health surveillance (5) - Answer 1. Identify, define and measure the health problem of interest
2. Collect and compile data about the problem (and if possible, factors that influence it)
3. Analyze and interpret these data
4. Provide these data and their interpretation to tho...
Week 4 Surveillance and outbreak
investigations Practice Exam Questions
Fully Solved .
Steps for public health surveillance (5) - Answer 1. Identify, define and measure the health problem of
interest
2. Collect and compile data about the problem (and if possible, factors that influence it)
3. Analyze and interpret these data
4. Provide these data and their interpretation to those responsible for controlling the health problem
5. Monitor and periodically evaluate the usefulness and quality of surveillance to improve it for future
use
Surveillance system requirements (3/6) - Answer 1. Issue of public health importance
2. Must have a mitigation or prevention strategy
3. Can be routine or ad-hoc
4. Must be timely
5. Sensitive
6. Specific
Reasons why some diseases must be reported immediately, 24/7 - Answer - very infectious (e.g.
measles)
- need to be treated right away (e.g. ebola)
- infections of high consequence
- bioterrorism
Types of surveillance (3) - Answer - lab-based
- clinical syndromes
- syndromic
, - school absenteeism surveillance
- ED visit surveillance
- nosocomial infections in hospitals
- cases reported to public health
- severe cases or mortality
- sentinel reporting
- excess deaths surveillance
- wastewater surveillance
- mobility surveillance
Analyzing surveillance data - Answer - analyze by person, place and time
- using mostly descriptive methods (incidence, prevalence, rates)
- search for unexpected patterns
What is an outbreak? - Answer Increase in cases in a particular area, group, or time period.
- cases are related to each other in some way
- localized
Why might sometimes even one case is considered an outbreak? - Answer - really rare disease
- severe
- high consequence
9 steps of an outbreak investigation - Answer 1. Confirm the presence of an outbreak
2. Confirm diagnosis for outbreak
3. Establish case definition
4. count cases
5. construct epi curve
6. develop exposure hypothesis
7. test exposure hypothesis epidemiologically
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