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LS 15 Final Phelan UCLA: Questions With Solutions
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LS 15 Final Phelan UCLA: Questions With Solutions
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LS 15 Final Phelan UCLA: Questions With SolutionsWhy is the rate and direction of change more important than absolute levels
how does this relate to Right Ans - 50% of all suicides in prison happen in
1st 2 weeks
Extreme depression cuz it's a big change
If they make it thru things improve
Our happiness is relative to our basic feelings
Why are emotions designed to be less permanent than they feel Right Ans -
Brain states that alter your behavior in ways beneficial to your genes
Sitting being happy al the time is not consistent w evolution
Motivate u to do something so u can be motivated again once they reset
Describe 3 lines of evidence to support the idea that emotions are tools used
to motivate our behavior Right Ans - Ex: guilt, jealousy, desire
Guilt motivates you to not be selfish
Desire motivates you to act in a certain way to achieve your goals
Emotions like a lack of happiness can motivate you to take drugs
Sexual jealousy: if u are scared of someone cheating on you, you are going to
step up your game
Using an example describe the interplay between culture and biology Right
Ans - Culture is learning things its tech, education, etc
Ex: all of us have been reproductively mature for a while now, and very few of
us have children. Bio sets us up to be reproductively mature at age 13.
Ex: ppl start having sex at age 16 but birth control prevents them from having
kids
You are nudged in certain places but culture decides how you act on these
urges
What is the fundamental reproductive equation what does it reveal about
culture and biology Right Ans - Sex = pregnancy = babies = maternal child
care = loss of female economic opportunity = loss of female political power
It's hard to fight biological urges
Sex does not have to equal pregnancy -> rubber
Pregnancy does not have to equal babies -> surgery
Babies do not have to equal maternal child care -> rubber nipples
, Maternal childcare does not have to equal loss of female economic
opportunity -> daycare
Loss of female economic opportunity does not have to equal loss of female
political power ->
The cultural idea that the person in power doesn't need to have the most
money basically democracy
There are certain biological constraints on how we r built that unchecked can
lead to undesirable outcomes
Culture can block every step of the fundamental reproductive equation
The invention of vulcanized rubber can stop that equation at 3 dif places
Bio is not an excuse
Using 2 examples explain what constrained learning is and how it illuminates
culture biology Right Ans - Ex:
It is easier to grasp a language at a younger age compared to learning a
language at age 20 because it is a biological constraint.
Rats could learn to associate certain stimuli and physical conditions but
couldn't learn to associate others
Associate nausea and weird taste
Associate light+noise w electric shock
But could never learn to not drink water
Monkeys could not learn to be scared of flowers, but they were quick to learn
to fear snakes
You can know how to max cardiovascular fitness but it won't work the same
for everyone
Humans are quick to associate bad food with sickness rather than the actual
bacteria that could have caused the sickness thru other ways
What is the EEA? Why is it important for us to be aware of it? Right Ans -
The environment of evolutionary adaptation
A mismatch between EEA and the current environment when outcomes of NS
arent appropriate anymore
Male geese protect the eggs that roll of from a nest often bringing in unwanted
items that resemble the shape of an egg
Our instincts drive us to eat more food than necessary
Our instincts don't drive us to constantly exercise cuz back in the hunter-
gatherer world it would be a better idea to preserve our energy
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