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CFRN Trauma Test-Questions with 100% Verified Answers
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CFRN Trauma Test-Questions with 100% Verified Answers
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OCN Exam with Questions Solved 100%Correct | Verified Answers
What is the MOA of Alkylating Agents? - ✔✔-Breaks DNA helix strand, interfering with DNA
replication
What are the 7 Alkylating agents? - ✔✔1. Cisplatin
2. Carboplatin
3. Cyclophosphamide
4. Ifosfamide
5.Oxaliplatin
6. Carmustine
7. Streptozocin
What is important to know about Cisplatin? - ✔✔-Alkylating agent
-RENAL TOXIC
-Monitor Mg and K; hydrate as needed
-Can give Amifostine to protect kidney
-May cause permanent peripheral neuropathies and ototoxicity
What is important to know about Carboplatin? - ✔✔-Alkylating Agent
-RENAL TOXIC
-Dose is calculated using Area Under the Curve (based on kidney function)
-Reactions may occur after the 7th dose
What is Amifostine used for? - ✔✔-Renal protectant
-Used with Cisplatin
,What is important to know about Cyclophosphamide? - ✔✔-Alkylating Agent
-Irritates the bladder; give Acrolerm
-Give in the AM and monitor hydration
-Secondary malignancies
What is important to know about Ifosfamide? - ✔✔-Alkylating Agent
-Hemorraghic Cyctitis: Give MESNA
-Encephalopathy; stop drug if occurs
What is important o know about Oxaliplatin? - ✔✔-Alkylating Agent
-Acutransient peripheral sensory neuropathy so AVOID COLD
What is important to know about Carmustine? - ✔✔-Aklylating agent; Nitrosureas
-Can cross BBB
-Myelosuppression; delayed Nadir (4-6 weeks)
What is important to know about Streptozocin? - ✔✔-Alkylating agent; Nitrosureas
-Can cross BBB
-Hypoglycemia
What is Nadir? - ✔✔-Low point in blood counts
-Generally 7-10 days post infusion
What is MOA of Antimetabolites? - ✔✔-DNA is unable to replicate
-Act in S phase to inhibit enzyme production of DNA synthesis
,What are 4 examples of Antimetabolites? - ✔✔1. 5-Flourouracil (5FU)
2. Capecitabine
3.Cytarabine
4. Motrexate
What is important to know about Cytarabine? - ✔✔-Antimetabolite
-Acts during S phase
-Mucositis and rash
-Keratitis
-Cerebellar Toxicities in older patients
What is important to know about 5-Florourail (5FU)? - ✔✔-Antimetabolite
-Acts during S phase
-Mucositis and GI upset
-Capecitabine is pill form
What is Capecitabine? - ✔✔-Pill form of 5FU
What is important to know about Methotrexate? - ✔✔-Antimetabolite
-Acts during S phase
-AFFECTS FOLIC ACID METABOLISM (Leucovorin)
-Hepatic and Renal toxicity
What is the rescue drug for folic acid metabolism? - ✔✔-Leucovorin
-Give 24 hours after infusion
, What is the MOA of Antitumor Antibiotics/ Anthracyclines? - ✔✔-Bind with DNA and
interferes with enzymes
-Cell cycle non-specific
What is a Flare Reaction? S/S? - ✔✔-Itching is predominant symptom; pain, burning, and red
streak
-Patchiness, blotching, elevated erythema along vein
-No swelling
-Blood return occurs
What is a Vessel Irritation? S/S? - ✔✔-Aching and feeling of tightness in vein
-Erythema or dark discoloring along vein
-No swelling
-Blood return occurs
What is Extravasation? S/S? - ✔✔-Pain and burning at site: stinging may occur during or after
infusion
-Erythema at site and may occur proximally at previous puncture site
-Swelling
-None or minimal blood return
What is the antidote for Alkylating agents (Mechlorethamine)? - ✔✔-Sodium thiosulfate
-Ice post antidote
What are the 6 vesicant extravasation medications? - ✔✔1. Alkylating agent
(Mechlorethamine)
2. Anthracenedione (Mitoxantrone)
3. Antharcyclines (Doxorubicin, daunorubicin, Idarubicin)
4. Antitumor antbiotics (Mitomycin, Dectinomycin)
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