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Burns pediatric primary care Exam
Questions With Correct Answers
How long is exclusive BF recommended? - answer✔first 6 mos
How quickly should BF be initiated? - answer✔within 30 mins of birth
There are many illnesses that are less likely to occur if babe is breastfed, what are these? -
answer✔gastro, NEC, AOM, LRTIs, asthma, atopy, DM, SIDS, leukemia
Benefits to mother from BF: - answer✔rapid return to non-preg state, strong bond, decreased
br/ovarian Ca, decreased metabolic syndrome, NIDDM, and PPD
Contraindications of BF - answer✔galactosemia, T-cell lymphotrophic virus, TB, Ca or Ca tmt,
HIV, nipple herpes
What is in colostrum - answer✔immunoglobulins/antibodies
Colostrum higher or lower fat than milk? - answer✔lower
Colostrum facilitates the passage of? - answer✔meconium
What is breastmilk low in? - answer✔vit D, iron
At what point in pregnancy is a woman capable of milk production? - answer✔20 wks
What hormone triggers letdown reflex? - answer✔oxytocin
What is mammogenesis? - answer✔growth and development of the mammary gland in
preparation for milk production
Frequency of feedings of newborn? - answer✔8-12 after first 24 hrs
Duration of feedings of newborn? - answer✔20-45 mins after first 24 hrs
How long is breastmilk good for in fridge? - answer✔8 days
How long if breastmilk good for in cooler? - answer✔24 hrs
How long is breastmilk good for in freezer? - answer✔3 mos
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Recommendations for breastfeeding toddlers? - answer✔after meal, not on demand, if tandem
feed infant first, brush teeth after, tell dentist breastfeeding
Infant wt loss after birth - answer✔5-8% of body wt normal
neonate daily average wt gain - answer✔0.5-1 ounce (14-28g)
How long until a babe should be at birth wt? - answer✔3 wks
At what age should birth wt be doubled? - answer✔5-6 months
At what age should birth wt be tripled? - answer✔1 yr
First few days, a neonate should void? - answer✔1-3 times
By day 4 the neonate should void? - answer✔4-6
Regular urine output of neonate is? - answer✔4-6 times per day
Stool output of typical neonate? - answer✔2-3
Meconium stools should be complete by day? - answer✔3
Minimum caloric intake of BF mom? - answer✔1800
If mom wondering about ETOH intake what is the amount considered safe? - answer✔<0.5/kg
Malaise, breast tenderness; red, warm lumps/streaking; flu-like sys (fever, chill, aches) in a
breastfeeding mom can indicate? - answer✔mastitis
Mgmt mastitis: - answer✔empty breast, frequent nursing, analgesics, abx if needed, rest, warm
showers, increase fluids
Red flag progression of mastitis? - answer✔abscess/septicemia
When does elevated bili peak in breast milk jaundice? - answer✔occurs 7-10 day and peaks on
10-15th
How much water loss can be life threatening to a child? - answer✔10%
What does sodium regulate in the body? - answer✔ECF volume, osmolarity, acid-base balance,
membrane potential of cells
How is sodium lost out of body? - answer✔vomiting, diarrhea, perspiration
Role of potassium in the body? - answer✔helps maintain intracellular homeostasis, muscle
contractility, transmission of nerve impulses
Severe deficit of potassium can cause? - answer✔cardiac dysrhythmias/death
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What is the role of chloride in the body? - answer✔function with sodium to maintain
fluid/electrolyte balance
Proteins, enzymes, and hormones are synthesized from? - answer✔amino acids
Monosaccharides are simple or complex carbs? - answer✔simple
Disaccharides are simple or complex carbs? - answer✔complex
Role of fat in diet? - answer✔energy, vitamin absorption, maintain cell membrane and myelin
Two essential fatty acids are? - answer✔Linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid (LA and ALA)
fat soluble vitamins - answer✔DAKE, absorbed in intestines, require bile, store for a long time
in tissue
Water soluble vits - answer✔Cs and Bs, only store small amts, if intake too high absorption
decreases, require daily intake
How much vit d should a breastfed babe have? - answer✔400 IU daily
When should fluoride be given to a babe? - answer✔at 6 months if not in water
What is an important consideration when adding food to a breastfed babe's diet? -
answer✔iron-fortified
What is advice regarding comfort feeding? - answer✔avoid
Nutritional risk with teen pregnancies? - answer✔adolescent growth spurt competes with fetus
for nutrients
Teen pregnancy risks? - answer✔prematurity, LBW, chronic illness/disability, death
How much exercise should a child have? - answer✔60 minutes mod/high per day
Benefits of vegetarianism - answer✔lower obesity, heart disease, and DM rates
What can be deficient in a vegan diet? What 2 are the highest? - answer✔protein, B12, iron,
Ca++, zinc, riboflavin, vit D; B12, zinc
What can become of fetus with B12 and zinc deficiency? - answer✔possible permanent neuro
damage
What measurements can be taken, other than ht and wt, to assess wt in children? -
answer✔Triceps skinfold measurement; mid-upper arm circumference
triceps skinfold measurement - answer✔
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mid-upper arm circumference - answer✔
What BMI percentile is considered overweight? - answer✔85-95th
What BMI percentile is considered obese? - answer✔95th or higher
Primary goal of pediatric wt management? - answer✔normalize, not reduce
Complications of obesity in children? - answer✔Hypertension obstructive sleep apnea , OSA,
orthopedic issues, depression, suicide
How long should a food recall or diary be kept for assessment? - answer✔3 days
Children aged 5 to 9 who have contact with same or opposite sexes, play sex games, or idea
about sex - parents should be? - answer✔parents should avoid being overly alarmed if they
witness this play.
*parents can redirect play*
At around what AGE do children giggle and learn more about SEX and sexuality? -
answer✔Age 8
At what age does self-stimulation as a result of sexual reflexes due to sexual fantasies, behavior
and relationships? - answer✔10-12 year olds
The biggest reason adolescents do not seek healthcare for sexual education is due to? -
answer✔Confidentiality
How should you ask an adolescent with concrete cognitive abilities about sexual history? -
answer✔"Have you ever had a romantic relationship with a boy or a girl"
"Define Sex"
Early Adolescents (age 12 to 14) are concrete thinkers and cannot get to the abstract thought of
"what if". How should sexual education be given to them? - answer✔Use pictures and direct
questions and statements
Use simple concert terms when counseling
Mid-adolescents (age 15 to 17) are starting to understand abstract concepts, but will often refresh
to concrete thinking in stressful situations. How should the provider speak to them? -
answer✔They need to adjust the approach to mid-adolescents accordingly, help them to
identify the inconsistencies in their thought processes and guide them through to the logical
consequences.
how often should a helmet be replaced? - answer✔every 5 years or sooner
