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Chapter 1 Intro to the Basics of Pathophysiology questions & answers.
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Chapter 1 Intro to the Basics ofPathophysiology questions & answers.
Pathophysiology ANS -is the study of functional alterations at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ
system levels that are involved in disease states.
Pathology ANS -is a medical discipline that focuses on structural alterations in tissues and organs and is
closely related to pathophysiology
Ischemia ANS -The decrease in oxygen and glucose
Hypoxia ANS -lack of oxygen in tissue
Asthma ANS -a condition of reactive airway constriction. In other words, parts of the respiratory tract
are sensitive to the presence of allergens.
Injury ANS -damage caused to the body by an external force
How does the conceptual basis of pathophysiology help in the process of assessment and diagnosis?
ANS -The conceptual basis of pathophysiology helps by enabling the nurse to apply basic principles
across different situations and disease states.
What is the difference between pathophysiology and pathology? ANS -Pathophysiology focuses on
functional alterations in body systems; pathology focuses on structural alterations.
How do nurses apply pathophysiology in daily practice? ANS -Nurses apply pathophysiology in daily
practice by using it as a knowledge base for assessment, planning, intervention, and evaluation.
Health ANS -A state of normative physiologic or psychologic function
refers to an absence of disease or functional changes that can result in disease
,Disease ANS -An impairment of some functional ability that results in the appearance of symptoms
refer to a situation that is impairing functional ability in some ways
Hypertension (HTN) ANS -A condition in which systolic blood pressure is higher than normal, which is
less than 120/80 mmHg
A sustained elevation in blood
a disease with clear diagnostic criteria that can lead to a number of symptoms and complications
Illness ANS -The presence of a disease or other disruption of normative function
often used as a synonym for disease, but in healthcare used to describe the individual experience that a
person has with a disease
Disorder ANS -A synonym for disease, more commonly used in relation to psychologic health; can refer
to lasting physiologic consequences resulting from a disease
is used to describe a disruption of physiologic or psychologic function
Immunoproliferative Disorders ANS -the continuing production or growth of certain cell types can lead
to a loss of other cells or the release of immature cells
Ex: Leukemia
Syndrome ANS -A collection of symptoms associated with particular disease
refers to a group of signs and symptoms that emerge from a disease state
, Ex: acute coronary syndrome
Risk factor ANS -Anything that puts a person at a greater risk for developing a particular disease
Social determinants of health ANS -factors related to where one lives, educational level, income,
availability of fresh food, public transportation, and a number of other considerations that can affect
health
Modifiable risk factors ANS -A risk factor that the individual can change, such as diet or smoking
Nonmodifiable risk factor ANS -A risk factor that an individual cannot change, such as age, race, and
genetic variables
Should obesity be considered a condition or a disease? ANS -Obesity is a condition that can become a
disease if it impairs the person's functional ability in some way.
What is the difference between a disorder and a syndrome? ANS -A disorder is a disruption of
physiologic or psychologic function; a syndrome is a group of signs and symptoms that emerge as part of
a disease state.
Is family history a modifiable or nonmodifiable risk factor? ANS -Family history is a nonmodifiable risk
factor because it involves the genetics of the birth parents.
Etiology ANS -The cause of a disease or injury
The etiology of most clinical conditions is multifactorial.
Idiopathic ANS -Any disease or condition for which the etiology cannot be determine
Iatrogenic ANS -The etiology of conditions that are caused unintentionally by a treatment or diagnostic
procedure or an error caused by a healthcare provider
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