2024 D278 WGU SCRIPTING AND PROGRAMMING FOUNDATIONSACTUAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+
What is an editor? - <<ANSWER>>A program that allows you to write code
What is a compiler? - <<ANSWER>>A program that produces other programs. The
compiler does all the work at once and then runs the new program. We're translating the
code we wrote to computer code all at once. This is often when we produce an .exe
(executable) file.
What is an interpreter? - <<ANSWER>>A program that runs code one line at a time.
Instead of converting all of the code at once it runs each line as it's needed. It interprets
that specific line from your code to computer code.
What is an operator and what does it do? - <<ANSWER>>An operator takes two
operands (values) and does something with them. It is an object capable of
manipulating a value. If it is a comparison or logical operator it would compare to see if
they are similar or dissimilar. If it is a mathematical operator it would perform
mathematical calculations.
What is an expression? - <<ANSWER>>something that has a value.
What is the difference in a terminal and non-terminal expression? - <<ANSWER>>A
terminal is a final value, while a non-terminal can be reduced further.
What is proper Python grammar for making an expression? - <<ANSWER>>Expression
→ Expression Operator Expression
The Expression non-terminal that appears on the left side can be replaced by an
Expression, followed by an Operator, followed by another Expression. For example, 1 +
1 is an Expression Operator Expression.
When would you use recursion? - <<ANSWER>>To allow us to define infinitely many
things using a few simple rules. A simple definition can be used to expand on something
much more complex. This involves breaking a problem down into smaller and smaller
subproblems until you get to a small enough problem that it can be solved trivially. For
example, you could define ancestory = person 1 + ancestors. If you are person 1, your
ancestors would be your parents, but they are not your only ancestors. Your parents
have parents, but those are still your ancestors. Your grandparents had parents, and so
on. A very simple definition can execute with multiple layers and a much more complex
value.
, What three rules must a recursive algorithm obey? - <<ANSWER>>It must have a base
case which allows it to eventually end. It must change its state and move towards the
base case. It must call itself recursively.
What do we mean when we talk about the cost of an algorithm? - <<ANSWER>>An
algorithm's cost is related to the resources that it requires to execute. The primary way
cost is discussed is related to the size of the input. Larger inputs usually mean more
resources, so this is the main factor that determines the speed. Ultimately this
determines the amount of time it takes the algorithm to execute and the amount of
memory required to run it. The process of calculating this is called algorithm analysis.
What are the two most important factors that affect the cost of an algorithm? -
<<ANSWER>>Time and memory. Time is the more important factor.
How do you prioritize case (best case, worst case, average case) when analyzing
algorithms? - <<ANSWER>>You would look at them in this order: Worst case, average
case, best case. The worst case is the most important because this will give you a
better understanding of why the time scales as it does.
What is time.clock used for? - <<ANSWER>>To check when an algorithm begins and
when it ends so that we can determine the run time. This performs benchmarking, which
is simply assessing the relative performance of an object.
What is UML? - <<ANSWER>>Unified Modeling Language. This is a graphical notation
specifically for drawing diagrams of an object-oriented system.
What are the 5 steps in the UML design process? In which steps do use case, use case
diagrams, and class diagrams take place? - <<ANSWER>>1.Gather Requirements
2. Describe the Application (use case and use case diagram)
3. Identify the main objects
4. Describe the interactions between objects
5. Create a class diagram (class diagram)
What does a use case provide? - <<ANSWER>>A simple narrative for how people use
the application. It is written text and there is no coding at this point. This is created after
gathering the requirements.
What is a title in a use case? - <<ANSWER>>This is a short phrase with an active verb
that describes the goal. For example, "register new members".
What is an actor in a use case? - <<ANSWER>>This is the person or entity who needs
to accomplish something.
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