Class notes
lab one: epidemiology, environmental
- Course
- Microbiology Lab 012-015
- Institution
- University Of Akron
notes for microbiology lab
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Lab one: Introduction, Epidemiology, Environmentalmicrobes
Sunday, September 15, 2024 3:41 AM
Introduction to Epidemiology Direct vs indirect transmission
• Infections disease • Direct
-a condition caused by a microorganism -involves physical contact between infected person
• The growth and development of and that of the new infectee
microorganisms results in the -touching, kissing, sex, droplet contact(sneeze on
distruption of cells and tissues of its someone), injection(needles, broken glass, branches)
human or animal host • Indirect
• Host -infectious agent must pass from an infected host to
-a larger organism that harbors a another intermediate object and then from there, to
smaller organism another host; Ex: infected person touches a doorkno
• Each infections disease has a number of leaves microbes, someone else comes along and then
signs and symptoms that are associated touches doorknob
with reproduction of the -inanimate objects(doorknobs, phones), air, water,
microorganism in the host. While signs soil, food
are objective evidence of a disease and
are able to observed and/ or measured,
Communicable vs non communicable
symptoms are subjective and are only
• Communicable
experienced by an infected host. A
-when an infected host can transmit the
combination of signs and symptoms
pathogen to another host and establish infectio
allows a doctor to diagnose a disease.
in the new host
While infected, the host remains
• Noncommunicable
contagious and may pass the growing
-infectious disease does not arise through
microorganism to any other individuals
transmission of the pathogen from host to host.
(who are not yet immune) through
Infected persons do not become a source of the
direct or indirect contact
disease to other
-immunosuppressed patients gets infection from
Epidemiology
his own microbiota
• Epidemiology
-individual makes accidental contact with a
-the study of the factors affecting the
microbe existing in a non-living reservoir such a
prevalence and spread of disease
dirt(fungal spores inhaled or tetanus from rusty
• Etiologic agent
nail)
-the microbial cause of a disease
Endemic, Epidemic, Pandemic
• Endemic
Prevalence -a native disease that prevails
• Prevalence of a disease is continuously
the total number existing • Epidemic
cases with respect to the -a sudden and simultaneous outbreak
entire population or increase in the number of cases of
disease in a community; a disease
increasing beyond what is expected of
that population
• Pandemic
-an epidemic that is afflicting an
increased proportion of the population
over a wide geographic area (usually
Microbiology Lab Page 1
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