SMCC Nursing 175 Exam 1 with Verified Answers
(central venous)
Name 5 common reasons for using Infu-
sion therapy?
Name 4 priority concepts associated
with Infusion Therapy
What healthcare settings deliver infusion
therapy?
IV drugs provide rapid therapeutic ef-
fects but can lead to immed...
SMCC Nursing 175 Exam 1 with Verified Answers
1. Maintain fluid balance / correct imbal-
ance
2. Maintain Electrolyte balance / correct
Name 5 common reasons for using Infu-
imbalance
sion therapy?
3. Administer Medications
4. Administer Blood Products
5. Nutrition
Fluid Electrolyte balance
Name 4 priority concepts associated Tissue Integrity
with Infusion Therapy Infection
Perfusion
Hospitals, clinics, Drs. Offices, Home-
What healthcare settings deliver infusion
care, Dialysis Centers, Long Term care
therapy?
facilities
IV drugs provide rapid therapeutic ef-
fects but can lead to immediate serious ADE. Adverse Drug Events
reactions known as:
What does the term VAD mean? Vascular Access Device
PVAD (peripheral vascular) and CVAD
What are the two categories of VAD?
(central venous)
1. Short, over the needle catheter (most
common - 72-96 hours max - hand or
forearm)
What are the different kinds of common
2. Midline catheter (longer-term IV thera-
Peripheral Vascular Access (PVA)de-
py - veining upper arm, 1-4 wks, no blood
vices?
draws - no vesicant drugs)
3. Winged infusion catheter (generally for
children)
1. Non-tunneled Percutaneous CVC (
subclavian vein in upper chest or jugu-
lar, short term, requires x-ray to confirm
What are the different kinds of common
placement, used in emergency settings)
Central Venous Access (CVA) Catheter
2. Peripherally inserted central catheter
types?
(PICC) (x- ray determines placement,
Can be used longer term, and for con-
trast injections, CVP monitoring.
, SMCC Nursing 175 Exam 1 with Verified Answers
3. Tunneled CVC (lies in subcutaneous
tunnel, used for long term infusion thera-
py, cuff of antibiotics to reduce infection)
4. Implanted port (surgically implanted
in upper chest, long term, flushed after
each use)
Mastectomy
Axillary lymph node dissection
What types of patients veins can NOT be
Lymphedema
used for Infusion Therapy?
Paralysis of upper extremities
Dialysis graft or fistulas
Has the same Solute concentration as
What does ISOTONIC mean?
that of blood plasma
Normal Saline (NS/0.9% NS)
Lactated Ringers (LR)
Dextrose 5% in water (D5W) - (becomes
List common Isotonic (270-300mOsm/L)
hypotonic as dextrose is taken up by
solutions?
cells)
(ISOTONIC= Same osmolarity as body
fluid)
Parenteral nutrition (TPN)
3%NS
5%NS
Dextrose 10% in water (D10W)
Dextrose 5% in 0.45% Normal Saline
List common Hypertonic solutions? (D5 0.45% NS)
Dextrose 5% in 0.9% Normal Saline (D5
0.9%NS)
Dextrose 5% in Lactated Ringers
(D5LR)(HYPERTONIC= Higher osmo-
larity than body fluid)
0.45% Saline (1/2 NS)
D5W (starts Isotonic -becomes hypoton-
List common Types of Hypotonic Solu-
ic as dextrose is taken up by cells
tions?
(HYPOTONIC =Lower osmolarity than
body fluid)
, SMCC Nursing 175 Exam 1 with Verified Answers
Hypertonic: (fluids > 300 mOsm/L)
having a greater concentration of solute
What does Hypertonic mean? than another solution. Water moves
across a semipermeable membrane into
a hypertonic solution.
Why are isotonic solutions contraindicat-
There is a greater risk of fluid overload
ed in patients with Congestive Heart Fail-
because water does not move into or out
ure, HTN, Cardiac Disease and the El-
of the body's cells with isotonic solutions.
derly?
Hypotonic: (fluids < 270 mOsm/L)
having less concentration of solute than
What does Hypotonic mean? another solution. Water moves across a
semipermeable membrane out of a hy-
pertonic solution into the other solution.
1. Whole blood
2. Packed red blood cells
Name the 6 types of blood and/or blood
3. Platelets
components available for infusion thera-
4. Fresh frozen plasma
py.
5. Albumin
6. Clotting factors
1. Right patient
2. Right solution
3. Right rate
Name the 6 rights of Infusion Therapy 4. Right route (PVAD, CVAD)
5. Right time
6. Right documentation (site, solution,
rate and pt. tolerance)
What does CR-BSI mean? Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection
C=compatibilities
A= allergies
T= tubing correct
S=site checked
What does CATS PRRR mean?
P=pump safety checked
R=right rate
R=release champs
R= return and reassess the patient
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