Exam (elaborations)
NURS 251 Cardiovascular Assessment Questions and Answers 2024/2025( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
- Course
- Institution
NURS 251 Cardiovascular Assessment Questions and Answers 2024/2025( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
NURS 251 Cardiovascular AssessmentPrecordium - ANS area on anterior chest overlying heart and great vessels
Heart has four chambers: - ANS Atria and ventricles
Great vessels - ANS major arteries and veins connected to the heart
Blood vessels arranged in two continuous loops: - ANS Pulmonary circulation and systemic
circulation
Heart wall layers - ANS Pericardium: tough, fibrous, double-walled sac that surrounds and
protects heart
Myocardium: muscular wall of heart
Endocardium: thin layer of endothelial tissue that lines inner surface of heart chambers and
valves
How many mums systems does the heart have - ANS 2
Atrium - ANS thin-walled reservoir for holding blood
Ventricle - ANS thick-walled, muscular pumping chamber
4 chambers separated by - ANS valves- backflow of bloodValves are unidirectional. Valves
open and close passively in response to pressure gradients in moving blood.
Four valves in heart: - ANS Two atrioventricular (AV) valves
Two semilunar (SL) valves
Two AV valves separate atria and ventricles: - ANS Tricuspid valve: right
Bicuspid, or mitral valve: left
AV valves open during heart's - ANS filling phase, or diastole, to allow ventricles to fill with
blood.
During pumping phase, or systole, - ANS AV valves close to prevent regurgitation of blood back
up into atria.
SL Valves - ANS are set between ventricles and arteries.
Each sL valve has - ANS three cusps that look like half moon
, Pulmonic valve - ANS right side of hear
Aortic valve - ANS left side of heart
Open during pumping, or systole, to allow blood to be ejected from heart
No valves are present between vena cava and right atrium, or between pulmonary veins and left
atrium: - ANS •Abnormally high pressure in the left side of the heart gives a person symptoms
of LUNG pulmonary congestion.
•Abnormally high pressure in the right side of the heart shows in neck veins and abdomen.
Oxygenated red blood drains into - ANS vena cava, follows route of venous blood
From liver to right atrium (RA) through inferior vena cava◦
From RV, venous blood flows through the pulmonic valve to the pulmonary artery.
oxygenated blood - ANS From left atrium (LA), arterial blood travels through mitral valve to left
ventricle (LV).◦From LA, arterial blood travels through _______to LV.◦Aorta delivers oxygenated
blood to body.
Cardiac Cycle - ANS Diastole: ventricles relax and fill with blood; 2/3 of cardiac cycle◦
Protodiastolic filling: early passive phase◦
Pre Systole or atrial systole: atrial kick
Systole: heart's contraction, blood pumped from ventricles fills pulmonary and systemic arteries;
1/3 of cardiac cycle
Same events occur on both sides of heart.◦
Right side requires lower pressure and sequence occurs slightly later.
First heart sound (S1) - ANS ◦Occurs with closure of AV valves—signals beginning of systole
◦Mitral component of first sound (M1) slightly precedes tricuspid component (T1).
Second heart sound (S2) - ANS ◦Occurs with closure of semilunar valves—signals end of
systole
◦Aortic component of second sound (A2) slightly precedes pulmonic component (P2).
◦S2 loudest at base
Third heart sound (S3)- CHF - ANS ◦Occurs when ventricles resistant to filling during early
rapid filling phase (protodiastole)
◦Occurs immediately after S2, when AV valves open and atrial blood first pours into ventricles.
◦NEW S3 is concerning and warrants further investigation*
Fourth heart sound (S4) - ANS ◦Occurs at end of diastole, at presystole, when ventricle
resistant to filling
◦S4 occurs just before S1.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller KINGJAY. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
81113 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now