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Exam (elaborations)

Rosh Rapid Review Study Guide with Complete Solutions

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Rosh Rapid Review Study Guide with Complete Solutions Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) - Answer️️ --Onset must be less than 16 years of age and symptoms persist > 6 weeks. -3 main subtypes: systemic (Still's disease), pauciarticular, polyarticular (most common) -Unknown etiology -Dx...

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  • September 15, 2024
  • 108
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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, ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS_2024/2025 Tuesday, September 3, 2024 10:30 AM



Rosh Rapid Review Study Guide with
Complete Solutions


Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) - Answer✔️✔️--Onset must be less than 16 years of age

and symptoms persist > 6 weeks.

-3 main subtypes: systemic (Still's disease), pauciarticular, polyarticular (most common)

-Unknown etiology

-Dx: clinical

-Rx: NSAIDs, methotrexate, steroids, specialist referrals

Hypertension: Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8) Recommendations -

Answer✔️✔️--PreHTN: systolic blood pressure (SBP) 120-139 mmHg or diastolic blood

pressure (DBP) 80-89 mmHg

-Stage I HTN: SBP 140-159 mmHg or DBP 90-99 mmHg

-Stage II HTN: SBP >160 mmHg or DBP >100 mmHg

-Treatment goals:

-->60 years: SBP<150, DBP<90

--All others: SBP<140, DBP<90

-1st line rx for general population: thiazide, CCB, ACEI, or ARB

-1st line rx for African Americans: CCB or thiazide

Chronic kidney disease: Rx should include ACEI or ARB




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, ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS_2024/2025 Tuesday, September 3, 2024 10:30 AM


Nursemaid's Elbow - Answer✔️✔️--Hyperextension and pulling → subluxation of radial

head under annular ligament

-Presentation: elbow flexed + arm pronated

-Normal x-ray

-Management: flex and supinate elbow or hyperpronate and extend forearm

Corneal Abrasion - Answer✔️✔️--Pain, photophobia, tearing

-Fluorescein stain: epithelial injury

-Foreign body sensation

-Topical abx

-Antipseudomonal for contact lens wearers

-Most abrasions are self-limiting

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (Complex Regional Pain Syndrome) - Answer✔️✔️--

Patient with previous extremity injury

-Light touch → extreme pain

-Rx: NSAIDs, gabapentin, sympathectomy

Celiac Disease - Answer✔️✔️--Northern European descent

-Fe deficiency anemia

-Anti-endomysial, anti-tissue transglutaminase, anti-gliadin antibodies

-Dx gold standard: small intestine biopsy

-Dermatitis herpetiformis

-↑ Malignancy risk

Influenza - Answer✔️✔️--Season: November - April

-Antivirals only given within 48 hours of sx

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, ©SOPHIABENNETT EXAM SOLUTIONS_2024/2025 Tuesday, September 3, 2024 10:30 AM


-Zanamivir contraindicated in patients with COPD/asthma

Celiac Disease - Answer✔️✔️--Patient will be complaining of diarrhea, steatorrhea,

flatulence, weight loss, weakness and abdominal distension

-Labs will show IgA anti-endomysial (AGA) and anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG)

antibodies

-Diagnosis is made by small bowel biopsy

-Treatment is gluten free diet

-Comments: associated with dermatitis herpetiformis (chronic, very itchy skin rash

made up of bumps and blisters)

Varicella - Answer✔️✔️--Viral prodrome → maculopapular rash → clear vesicles on an

erythematous base ("dew drop rash on a rose petal")

-Lesions occur in crops

-Contagious 5 days before and after vesicles

-Multiple stages of lesions present

-Treatment:

-<12: supportive care

->12: acyclovir

-Immunocompromised: IV acyclovir

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) - Answer✔️✔️--Advanced age, male, smoking hx,

HTN

-Acute abdominal pain + hypotension + pulsatile abdominal mass

-US: 100% sensitive

-CT: 100% sensitive, detects rupture/leak


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