concurrent validity - indicator must be associated with a preexisting indicator that is judged to be
valid
4 types of reliability - - stability: reliability across time ( E.G. test - retest method, parallel forms
method)
- representative reliability
- internal consistency reliability (split ha...
conceptualization - the process by which we identify what we mean by a concept.- the product is
a specific, agreed upon meaning for a concept
concept - construct derived by mutual agreement from mental images (conceptions)
operationalization - the process of developing an operational definition
operational definition - definition in terms of specific operations, measurement instruments, or
procedures
reliability - requires that the indicator gives the same result each time the same thing is measured
Heisenberg principle - The idea that the system and practice of measurement exerts a
psychological influence on the people being measured, and thereby affects operating results.
how to improve reliability - - conceptualize clearly
- increase the level of measurement
- use multiple indicators
, - use pretests and pilot studies
- use established measures
- training of research workers/ interviewers
Hierarchy Rule - the most serious crime is the only crime reported. UCR
validity - measures the extent to which the measure actually reflects the real meaning of the
concept it is supposed to measure ( we can never be sure about validity, but we can identify measures
that are more valid than others)
Types of validity - - face validity
- criterion related validity
- concurrent validity
- predictive validity
- convergent validity
- construct validity
face validity - does the measure make sense?
criterion related validity - compare the results of the measure to some trustworthy alternative
measure
predictive validity - where an indicator predicts future events that are logically related to a
construct
convergent validity - do all of the indicators operate in a similar fashion?
construct validity - based on the logical relationships among variables
threats to internal validity - history
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ACADEMICMATERIALS. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.