NURS 615: Advanced Pharm - Exam 4
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NURS 615: Advanced Pharm - Exam 4
Review verified and approved by expert
tutors.
What is tiotropium? - Answer = (Spiriva) Tiotropium bromide (INN) is a long-standing, 24
hour, anticholinergic bronchodilator used in the management of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, (COPD).
What is tiotropium used for maintenance treatment of? - Answer = COPD, which
includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Tiotropium - Answer = is not used in the treatment for acute exacerbations of COPD
and bronchitis
Tiotropium - Answer = is a muscarinic receptor antagonist, often referred to as an
antimuscarinic or anticholingeric agent.
What are the adverse effects of montelukast (Singulair)? - Answer = Side effects of
Singular can include skin rash, mood changes, tremors, h/a, stomach pain, heartburn,
upset stomach, nausea, diarrhea, tooth pain, tiredness, fever, stuffy nose, sore throat,
cough, and hoarseness. Singular may interact with phenobarbital or rifampin.
What patient teaching should accompany the prescription of montelukast (Singulair)? -
Answer = It will not work fast enough to treat an asthma attack that has already begun.
Use only a fast-acting inhalation medicine to treat an asthma attack.
Singulair should not be used for exercised- induced - Answer = bronchoconstriction
Singulair can lead to what mood changes? - Answer = anxiety, depression, or thoughts
of suicide or of hurting yourself
What patient teaching should be provided when prescribing inhaled corticosteroids? -
Answer = They should be taken 2x a day every day for the use of prevention of asthma.
Rinse mouth after use to prevent oral thrush.
What ethnic background should not be prescribed long-acting beta agonists? - Answer
= African Americans, increased incidence of death in this population
, NURS 615: Advanced Pharm - Exam 4
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tutors.
What medication would you prescribe for bronchospasm for a patient taking
propranolol? - Answer = Ipratropium
What is the mechanism of action of albuterol? - Answer = Relaxes bronchial smooth
muscle by action on beta 2 receptors with little effect on heart rate, causing dilation of
airways.
What is the mechanism of action of inhaled corticosteroids? - Answer = Extremely
potent vasoconstrictive and anti-inflammatory activity.
When is it appropriate to use a short acting beta agonist? - Answer = Short acting beta
2 agonist (SABAs) are the drug of choice for acute treatment of asthma symptoms and
exacerbations.
What is the mechanism of action of inhaled muscarinic receptor antagonist? - Answer =
Atropine (the prototype of muscarinic receptor antagonists) prevents the effects of ACh
by competitively blocking its binding to muscarinic receptors in the CNS, peripheral
ganglia, and at neuroeffector sites on smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and secretory
glands.
What inhibits the secretions of the nose, mouth, pharynx, and bronchi and thus causes
dryness of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. - Answer = Atropine
Atropine and scopolamine - Answer = the inhibition of secretions is esp marked if
secretions is excessive and is the basis for the use of which drugs in preanesthetic
medication.
Atropine - Answer = the depression of mucous secretion and the inhibition of
mucociliary clearance is an undesirable side effect of ___ in patients with airway
disease.
Methacholine - Answer = Atropine is effective against bronchoconstriction induced by
parasympathomimetic drugs like ______.
Histamine and bradykinin - Answer = Atropine also partially antagonizes
bronchoconstriction induced by ___ and ___.
Neuromuscular junction. - Answer = Because muscarinic receptor antagonist cause little
blockade of the effects of ACh at nicotinic receptor sites, extremely high doses of
atropine or related drugs are required to produce any degree of blockade of the
predominantly nicotinic receptors at the ___ ____.
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