Exam (elaborations)
ANATOMY OF THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM MIDTERM ACTUAL EXAM (NEWLY UPDATED) GRADED A+
- Course
- BIOD 151
- Institution
- Portage Learning
ANATOMY OF THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM MIDTERM ACTUAL EXAM (NEWLY UPDATED) GRADED A+
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ANATOMY OF THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM MIDTERMACTUAL EXAM (NEWLY UPDATED) GRADED A+
Question 1: Muscles of the Head, Neck, and Trunk
1. Name the three types of muscle tissue found in the body:
• Answer: Cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle.
2. What does it mean that skeletal muscles are under
conscious control?
• Answer: Skeletal muscles are under conscious control, meaning
that a person can deliberately decide to use these muscles to perform
actions.
3. What is included in the central nervous system?
• Answer: The brain and spinal cord.
4. Describe a motor action versus sensory input in terms of
the nervous system.
• Answer: Motor actions are messages sent from the central
nervous system to muscles to initiate movement. Sensory input refers to the
information sent from the external environment to the central nervous
system.
5. True or false: The brachial plexus supplies nerves to the
lower extremities.
• Answer: False.
6. Describe the difference between tendons and ligaments.
• Answer: Tendons are connective tissues that attach skeletal
muscles to bones, while ligaments connect bones to other bones and help
stabilize joints.
7. Describe the origin and insertion of attachment to bones.
• Answer: The origin is the fixed attachment point of a muscle,
which does not move during contraction. The insertion is the movable
attachment point that is pulled by the muscle when it contracts.
8. Describe muscle action and innervation.
• Answer: Muscle action refers to the specific movement
produced by muscle contraction. Innervation is the supply of nerves to a
muscle that enables it to receive signals from the brain.
Question 2: Create a Muscle Chart
9. Make a chart for the origin, insertion, action, and
innervation for the following muscles:
• Orbicularis oculi
• Buccinator
• Temporalis
• Sternocleidomastoid
• Longissimus thoracis
• Spinalis
• Rectus abdominis
, • Transverse abdominis
• Diaphragm
Tip: It is useful to make a comprehensive chart including all muscles
mentioned in the module for thorough exam preparation.
Question 3: Muscles of Facial Expression and Posterior View
10. Label the following muscles of facial expression:
• A: Frontalis
• C: Orbicularis oculi
• F: Zygomaticus minor
• H: Risorius
11. Your patient has damage to bilateral facial nerves (CN
VII). Name at least three muscles that would be impaired:
• Answer: Possible impaired muscles include Orbicularis oculi,
Orbicularis oris, Zygomaticus major/minor, Risorius, Frontalis, Buccinator.
12. Label the following muscles (posterior view):
• A: Trapezius
• C: Serratus posterior
• D: Rhomboids (minor)
13. Your patient is having difficulty with scapular retraction.
Name two muscles that are most likely involved in this limitation:
• Answer: Trapezius, Rhomboids (minor/major).
14. Your patient injured her ankle while playing soccer. She
sustained injuries to the tendons of peroneus longus and peroneus
brevis. What actions would be impaired due to this injury?
• Answer: Plantarflexion and eversion of the foot.
Question 4: Create a Muscle Chart (Continued)
15. Make a chart for the origin, insertion, action, and
innervation for the following muscles:
• Trapezius
• Pectoralis minor
• Pectoralis major
• Supraspinatus
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