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EDF 6437 Single case design Exam 1
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EDF 6437 Single case design Exam 1
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EDF 6437 Single case design Exam 1 (Set 50)2 forms of systematic replication - ANSWER-variations in experimental preparations can
be introduced within a particular experiment. variations can occur across experiments to
replicate previous experimental results or elaborate and/or refine previous research
findings
Assumptions of Experimentation - ANSWER-1. Correlation does not equal causation!!!!!
2. Events have identified causes.
3. Behavior is a function of its consequences.
Assumptions of researchers: - ANSWER-Everyday experiences or even logic are not
enough to understand the world.
- Systematic inquiry is necessary to separate correlation from causation.
- Replication leads to more knowledge
2) Determinism happens
3) Parsimony is important in efficiently organizing many findings
causation - ANSWER-literally the act of causing things • In behavior analysis, we will
use "functional relation" as opposed to "causation"
comparison experimental question - ANSWER-will IV1 OR IV2 alter the DV to a greater
degree. 2 or more distinct environmental arrangements are studied in relation to the
same set of behavior.
component experimental question. - ANSWER-will removal of one element from a
multicomponent intervention change the level of the DV. necessary and sufficient parts
of the treatment package.
Components of an Experiment - ANSWER-Plan (method) or arranging and measuring
independent/dependent variables, Results are analyzed Results are publicly reported
correlation - ANSWER-A mutual relationship or connection between two or more things
demonstration experimental question - ANSWER-does the IV produce a change in the
DV, demstratipn of an effect or evaualtionn IV effects relative to baseline.
Dependent variable - ANSWER-Behavior you are targeting ( Outcome measure/Target
Behavior)
discussion experimental article - ANSWER-Summarize the findings - This is where you
add in your two cents J • Educated interpretations of the findings • Links back to prior
research as described in the introduction section- Either support or oppose • Highlights
strengths and weaknesses of study -Often a weakness in our studies is time.... • Pose
future research questions - From the research, what else can be found if done again?
, Empirical Research - ANSWER-systematic intentional inquiry involving collection,
analysis, and interpretation of data.• Data can be qualitative or quantitative• Hypothesis
is posed, variables manipulated, data collected and analyzed.• Not opinion based
Empiricism - ANSWER-Making objective observations• Manipulating one variable at a
time• Holding other variables constant• Recording findings• Replicating results
Essentials for Experimental Control - ANSWER-Internal Validity
• Control of confounding variables
• Manipulate the independent variable while holding other
variables constant
establishing experimental control setting - ANSWER-"Control the environment and you
will see order in behavior." (Skinner, 1967,
p.399)
- Control two sets of environmental variables to demonstrate experimental control
- Independent variable
Presenting, withdrawing, or varying its value
- Extraneous variables
Prevent unplanned environmental variatio
Experimental Control - ANSWER-Requires the experimenter to demonstrate a
functional
relation between behavior and environment.
• It may happen naturally but experimental control is
achieved when the experimenter creates the opportunity
for "it" to happen
• A predictable change in behavior (dependent variable)
• Reliably produced by the systematic manipulation of
some aspect of the person's environment (independent
variabl
functional relation - ANSWER-Experimental control is established by demonstrating a
functional relation. • Functional Relations are demonstrated when systematic
manipulation of an independent variable results in a consistent effect on the dependent
variable. • Requires at least 2 experimental manipulation
Fundamental Rule of ABA - ANSWER-Experimenter can attribute any measured
changes to a specific
independent variable
- If investigating the effects of a"treatment package"
• Ensure that the entire package is presented or withdrawn each time a manipulation
history effects - ANSWER-events that occur outside of the exprriment situation but can
potentially influence the behavior under study
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