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Reading, Understanding, and Applying Nursing Research 6th Edition By James A. Fain
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Test Bank For Reading, Understanding, and Applying NursingResearch 6th Edition By James A. Fain
*****1. The goal of appropriate sampling in research is to
a. accurately reflect the characteristics of the target population.
b. completely define the traits of the accessible population.
c. identify all attributes of the sample population.
d. study an entire population. - ANSWER:ANS: A-accurately reflect the characteristics
of the target population.
Sampling involves selecting a group of people, events, behaviors, or other elements
with which to conduct a study. Samples are
expected to represent a target population of subjects who meet eligibility criteria for
inclusion in the study. The accessible
population are those people who are available for participation in the study. The
accessible population may not be representative of the target population. The aim of
sampling is to represent the target population, not to merely identify characteristics
of the sample population. The goal of sampling is to study a representative sample of
the larger population on which conclusions about the larger population may be
drawn.
***2. A researcher wishes to evaluate the management of chemotherapy side
effects in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Children with ALL in this
study are an example of which of the following?
a. Accessible population
b. Element of the population
c. Sample population
d. Target population - ANSWER:ANS: D- Target population
The target population is the entire set of individuals who meet the sampling criteria.
The accessible population is that portion of the
entire population that the researcher can use. An element is an individual unit in a
study. A sample is a subset of the population that represents that population.
***3. A researcher wishes to conduct a survey of attitudes about illness among
young adults with cystic fibrosis. The researcher contacts a nearby regional medical
cystic fibrosis clinic, where 250 young adults who have cystic fibrosis are seen. A
group of 50 young adults are selected to complete the survey. These 50 people are
the
a. accessible population.
b. elements of the population.
c. sample population.
,d. target population. - ANSWER:ANS: C-sample population.
A sample is that group of people who are representing the entire population and
participating in the study. Samples are expected to represent an entire population.
The accessible population is that portion of the entire population that the researcher
can use; which, in this case, would be the 250 patients at this medical center. The
target population is the entire set of individuals who meet the sampling criteria. An
element is an individual unit of a study population.
***4. A researcher wishes to conduct a study to determine the effects of an
intervention on high school students. In this study, high school students represent
the
a. accessible population.
b. elements of the population.
c. sample population.
d. target population - ANSWER:ANS: D- target population
The target population is the entire set of individuals who meet the sampling criteria.
An accessible population is the portion of the
target population to which the researcher has reasonable access. An element is an
individual unit of a study population. A sample is
that group of people who are representing the entire population and participating in
the study. Samples are expected to represent an entire population.
***5. A researcher wishes to study the effects of a nursing intervention on children
with cancer and obtains a sample of school-age children hospitalized for cancer
treatment in a local hospital. This sample represents the
a. accessible population.
b. general population.
c. target population.
d. theoretical population - ANSWER:ANS: A-accessible population.
An accessible population is the portion of the target population to which the
researcher has reasonable access. The sample is
obtained from the accessible population. A general population is the population, not
just those meeting eligibility criteria. The
target population is the entire set of individuals who meet the sampling criteria. The
theoretical population is the same as the target population, which is the entire set of
individuals who meet the sampling criteria
***6. In a study of patients who have dementia, a researcher wishes to examine the
effects of moderate exercise on patients' abilities to perform self-care. The
researcher decides to use subjects between 70 and 80 years of age who have been
diagnosed with dementia for less than 1 year. A patient who is 65 years old meets
, a. eligibility criteria.
b. exclusion criteria.
c. inclusion criteria.
d. sampling criteria - ANSWER:ANS: B-exclusion criteria.
Exclusion criteria are characteristics that the researcher does not want in the
elements or subjects of the study. Inclusion criteria,
eligibility criteria, and sampling criteria are those characteristics that the subject or
element must possess to be part of the target
population
7. The benefit to using a sample that utilizes narrow sampling criteria is that there is
increased
a. control of extraneous variables.
b. generalizability.
c. heterogenicity.
d. range of values and scores. - ANSWER:ANS: A-control of extraneous variables.
A sample that is narrowly defined is more homogeneous and has greater control of
extraneous variables. The narrower the sample,
the less generalizable it is. A narrow sample is homogeneous, not heterogeneous. A
narrow sample will have a smaller range of
values and scores
8. A researcher uses a sample whose members have characteristics like those of the
population from which it is drawn. This is an example of a
a. cluster sample.
b. purposive sample.
c. random sample.
d. representative sample - ANSWER:ANS: D-representative sample
Representativeness means that the sample, accessible population, and target
populations are alike in as many ways as possible. Knowing a sample as a cluster
sample, purposive sample, or random sample tells how it was created but does not
define a representative sample.
9. A researcher begins a study with 250 subjects, and 50 subjects drop out before the
study is concluded. The researcher will declare 20% as the sample
a. acceptance rate.
b. attrition rate.
c. refusal rate.
d. retention rate. - ANSWER:ANS: B-attrition rate.
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