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WGU D115 Final Exam Advanced Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse Exam | Questions and Verified Answers Rated A+ | 2024/2025 Guide$10.99
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WGU D115 Final Exam Advanced
Pathophysiology for the Advanced
Practice Nurse Exam | Questions and
Verified Answers Rated A+ | 2024/2025
Guide
Why patients with Nephrotic syndrome are high risk for infection
- Correct Answer - Nephrotic syndrome is an idiopathic condition
often treated with corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressants.
Massive swelling puts skin at risk for breakdown because the skin
becomes friable and fluid filled
Explain why it is important for the patient to learn to increase her
fluid intake to 8-10 glasses of fluid per day
- Correct Answer - Drinking 8-10 glasses of fluid per day will
keep her urine dilute, which will help keep renal calculi from
forming and will help move stones along the passageway to
excretion should they recur.
what is Sequestrum
,- Correct Answer - Sequestrum is an area of necrotic bone that
separates from the healthy bone.
A two-month-old male has been hospitalized with dehydration due
to diarrhea. He is fussy and irritable and has poor oral intake, both
breast and bottle feeding. When the infant opens his mouth, you
notice multiple white spots in his mouth, and the mucosa appears
to be red and tender.
- Correct Answer - The infant most likely has a fungal infection
caused by candida in the mucous membranes of the mouth, also
known as thrush. Thrush is characterized by the formation of
white plaques or spots in the mouth that lead to shallow ulcers
caused by keratolytic proteases from the microorganism. The
tongue may have a dense, white covering. The underlying
mucous membrane is red and tender and may bleed when the
plaques are removed. This is often accompanied by fever and
gastrointestinal irritation.
Treatment may be difficult and may include oral antifungal
washes, such as nystatin oral suspension. Simultaneous
treatment of a candida nipple infection or vaginitis in the mother is
helpful in reducing the C. albicans surface colonization of the
,infant. Feeding bottles and nipples should be sterilized to prevent
reinfection. The diaper area should be kept clean and dry, as the
infection commonly spreads to the groin, buttocks, and other parts
of the body.
A patient presents to an advanced practice registered nurse
(APRN) complaining of diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and right lower
quadrant tenderness. Diagnostic tests reveal deficiencies in folic
acid, vitamin D, and calcium. The APRN suspects Crohn disease.
What is the pathological mechanism of this disorder?
- Correct Answer - Crohn disease can involve any part of the
gastrointestinal tract from the oropharynx to the perianal area.
Diseased segments frequently are separated by intervening
normal bowel, leading to the term "skip areas." Inflammation can
be transmural, often extending through to the serosa, resulting in
sinus tracts or fistula formation.
A patient with a history of prostate cancer is admitted with
confusion, thirst, nausea, oliguria, and abdominal cramping. The
patient has gained 12 lb in the last two weeks. Diagnostics
include
, potassium: 4.1 mEq/L
sodium: 118 mEq/L
serum osmolality: 272 mOsm/kg H2O
increased urine osmolality
Which part of the nephron is affected by this endocrine disorder? -
Correct Answer -
An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is reviewing
orders for a patient who passed a calculi, which relieved the
condition of compensatory hypertrophy. The APRN is aware that
the patient will need to be monitored closely due to a common
condition associated with return to bilateral function.
Which condition should the APRN anticipate?
- Correct Answer - Post-obstructive diuresis, Patients will have
marked polyuria (> 4-5 L per day) after the release of bilateral
obstruction. The physiological factors include excess sodium and
water retention and accumulation of urea and other non-re
absorbable solutes, resulting in an osmotic diuresis.
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