What are physical resources? - answer- Raw materials, office supplies, equipment
- Natural resources
- Anything to make the product
What are the various levels of management? - answer- Top Managers
- Middle Managers
- First-Line Managers
Top Managers - answer- executives responsible for the overall direction of the
organization
- small group
- President, CEO...
Middle Managers - answerimplement the policies and plans of the top managers above
them and supervise and coordinate the activities of the first-line managers below them
- largest group
-Plant Manager, Operations Manager...
first-line managers - answerthose who supervise both workers and the daily operations
of an organization
-supervisor, coordinator
Interpersonal Roles - answermanagers interact with people inside and outside their
work units
- figurehead
Who is Weber and what did he do? - answer- studied efficient organizational structure
- came up with the bureaucratic model
- division of labor
- consistent rules and uniform task performance
- a chain of command from top to bottom
- impersonal managers
- employment based on technical expertise
, What is classical management? - answerFocuses on how to perform tasks and achieve
business goals efficiently
Theory X - answerassumes that workers are basically lazy, error-prone, and
extrinsically motivated by money and, thus, should be directed from above.
Theory Y - answerassumes that, given challenge and freedom, workers are motivated
to achieve self-esteem and to demonstrate their competence and creativity.
Hawthorne studies - answerimportant in shaping ideas concerning how managers
should treat workers
- Surprising result was that when illumination increased for the experimental group,
productivity went up in both groups
Productivity continued increasing even when lighting for the experimental group
decreased
Not until the lighting was reduced to the level of moonlight did productivity begin to
decline
External Environment - answereverything outside an organization's boundaries that
might affect it
-Economic, Technological, Sociocultural, Political-Legal, International
Task environment - answerincludes entities that directly affect a firm on a constant basis
and include competitors, suppliers, and customers
internal environment - answerthe events and trends inside an organization that affect
management, employees, and organizational culture
Organizational culture definition: - answerThe set of values, beliefs, behaviors, customs,
and attitudes that helps the members of the organization understand what it stands for,
how it does things, and what it considers important
Importance of Organization Culture - answer- Culture determines the overall "feel" of
the organization although it may vary across different segments of the organization
- Culture is a powerful force that can shape the firm's overall effectiveness and long-
term success
Managerial ethics - answerStandards and behavior that guide individual managers in
their work
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