, TEST BANK FOR PORTH'S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 10TH EDITION BY NORRIS
Porth’s Pathophysiology 10th Edition Norris Test Bank
1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions focusedo
n the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the following commentsma
de by nurses during a discussionssession, which statements would be considered a good r
epresentation of the WHO definition? Select all that apply.
A) Interests in keeping theselderly population engaged in such activities as bookr
eviews and word games during social time
B) Increase in the number of chairsaerobics classes providedsin the skilledscaref
acilities
C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with diabete
s mellitus under tight blood glucosescontrol by providing in-home cookingsclasses
D) Providingstransportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their hemodialysiss
essions
E) Providingshandwashing teaching sessions to a group of young children
Ans: A, B, C, E
Feedback:
The WHO definition of health is defined as “a state of complete physical, mental, and soc
ial well-
being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.” Engaging in book reviews fa
cilitates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics helps facilitate physical well-
being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes helps with facilitatingsphysical well-
being even though the person has a chronic disease. Handwashing is vitalin thespreventio
n of disease and spreadsof germs.
2. A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the large vari
ety of factors that influence an individual's healthsor lack thereof. Thesnurse is referri
ng to the Healthy People 2020sreport from the U.S. Department of Health andHuman
Services as a teaching example. Of the following aspects discussed, which would be c
onsidered a determinant of health that is outside the focus of this report?
A) The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native American des
cent and practices various alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress.
B) The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to hyperchol
esterolemia and remains noncompliantswith the treatment regime.
C) The client has asgood careerswith exceptional preventative health care benefits.
D) The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban community with access tosmanyh
ealthscare facilities.
Ans: B
Feedback:
In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote goodshealth to all (such as using alternati
ve therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity and promoting health f
or all (which includes having good health caresbenefits); and promoting good health (whi
ch includes living insa clean community with good access tohealthscare). A client's nonco
mpliance with treatments to control high cholesterol levelswithin the presence of a family
history of CV disease does not meet the “attaining lives free of preventable disease andspr
emature death” determinant.
, TEST BANK FOR PORTH'S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 10TH EDITION BY NORRIS
3. A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a large, univers
ity hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the differentiation between disea
ses that are caused by abnormal molecules and diseases that cause disease.Which of the fo
llowing patients most clearly demonstrates the consequences of molecules that cause dise
ase?
A) A 31-year-
old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion ofpacked red b
lood cells
B) A 91-year-
old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting fromfamilial hyp
ercholesterolemia
C) A 19-year-
old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygentherapy and
chest physiotherapy
D) A 30-year-
old homeless manswho has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) andis HIV posit
ive.
Ans: D
Feedback:
PCP is an example of the effect of a molecule that directly contributes to disease. Sicklece
ll anemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, and cystic fibrosis are all examples of the effect
s of abnormal molecules.
4. A membersof the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis of a num
ber of clients who are under his care in a hospital context. Which of the followingaspect
s of clients' situations bN
esUt R
chSaI
raN
ctGerTizBe.
ssC
paOthMogenesis rathersthan etiology?
A) A clientswho has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
B) A clientswho has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
C) A clientswho was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
D) A client withsmultiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident
Ans: B
Feedback:
Pathogenesis refers to the progressive and evolutionary course of disease, such as thei
ncreasing ammonia levels that accompany liver disease. Bacteria, poisons, and trauma
tic injuries are examples of etiologicsfactors.
, TEST BANK FOR PORTH'S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 10TH EDITION BY NORRIS
5. A new myocardial infarction patient requiring angioplasty and stent placement has arrive
d to his first cardiac rehabilitation appointment. In this first session, a review of the patho
genesis of coronary artery disease is addressed. Which statement by the patientverifies to
the nurse that he has understood the nurse's teachings about coronary artery disease?
A) “All I have to do is stop smoking, and then I won't have any more heart attacks.”
B) “My artery was cloggedsby fat, sosI will need to stop eatingsfatty foods likeFr
ench fries every day.”
C) “Sounds like this began because of inflammationsinsidesmy artery that made ite
asy to form fatty streaks, which lead to my clogged artery.”
D) “If I do not exercise regularly to get my heart rate up, blood pools in the veins caus
ingsa clot that stops blood flow to the muscle, and Iswill have a heart attack.”
Ans: C
Feedback:
The true etiology/cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown; however, the path
ogenesis of the disorder relates to the progression of the inflammatory process froma fatt
y streak to the occlusive vessel lesion seen in people with coronary artery disease. Risk fa
ctors for CAD revolve aroundscigarette smoking, diet high in fat, and lack of exercise.
6. A 77-year-
old man is a hospital inpatient admitted for exacerbation of his chronic obstructive pulmo
nary disease (COPD), and a respiratory therapist (RT) is assessingstheclient for the first ti
me. WhichNU ofRthSeIfN
olG
loTwBin.gCaO
spMects of the patient's current state of health wouldsbe best c
haracterized as a symptom rather than a sign?
A) The patient's oxygen saturation is 83% by pulse oxymetry.
B) The patient notes that he has increased work of breathing when lying supine.
C) The RT hears diminished breath sounds to the patient's lower lung fieldsb
ilaterally.
D) The patient's respiratory rate is 31 breaths/minute.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Symptoms are subjective complaints by the person experiencing the health problem,s
uch as complaints of breathing difficulty. Oxygen levels, listening to breath sounds,an
d respiratory rate are all objective, observable signs of disease.