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NURS 2320 Introduction to Pharmacology Questions with Correct Answers
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NURS 2320 Introduction to Pharmacology Questions with Correct Answers
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NURS 2320 Introduction to Pharmacology Questionswith Correct Answers
Additive effects Correct Answer-Drug interactions in which the effect of
a combination of two or more drugs with similar actions, administered at
the same time, is the action of one plus the action of the other, with the
total effect of both drugs being given
Adverse drug event (ADE) Correct Answer-Any undesirable occurrence
related to administering or failing to administer a prescribed medication
Adverse drug reaction (ADR) Correct Answer-Any unexpected,
unintended, undesired, or excessive response to a medication given at
therapeutic doses
Adverse effects Correct Answer-A general term for any undesirable
effects that are a direct response to one or more drugs
Agonists Correct Answer-Drugs that bind to and stimulate the activity of
one or more receptors in the body
Allergic reaction Correct Answer-An immunological hypersensitivity
reaction resulting from the unusual sensitivity of a patient to a particular
medication; a type of adverse drug event
Antagonists Correct Answer-Drugs that bind to and inhibit the activity
of one or more receptors in the body
,Also called inhibitors
Antagonistic effects Correct Answer-Drug interactions in which the
effect of a combination of two or more drugs is less than the sum of the
individual effects of the same drug given alone
Usually caused by an antagonizing (blocking or reducing) effect of one
drug on another
Bioavailability Correct Answer-A measure of the fraction of drug
administered dose that is delivered to the system circulation (from 1-
100%)
Biotransformation Correct Answer-One or more chemical reactions
involving a parent drug
Blood brain barrier Correct Answer-The barrier system that restricts the
passage of various chemicals and microscopic entities (e.g. bacteria,
viruses) between the bloodstream and the CNS but allows for the
passage of essential substances such as oxygen
Chemical name Correct Answer-The name that describes the chemical
composition and molecular structure of a drug
Contraindication Correct Answer-Any condition, especially one related
a disease state or patient characteristic, including current or recent drug
therapy, that renders a particular form of treatment improper or
undesirable
,Cytochrome P450 Correct Answer-The general name for a large class of
enzymes that play a significant role in drug metabolism and drug
interactions
Dissolution Correct Answer-The process by which solid forms of drugs
disintegrate in the GI tract and become soluble before they are absorbed
into circulation
Dependence Correct Answer-A state in which there is a compulsive or
chronic need for a drug
Drug Correct Answer-Any chemical that affects the physiological
processes of a living organism
Drug actions Correct Answer-The processes involved in the interaction
between a drug and body cells (e.g. the action of a drug on a receptor
protein)
Also referred to as mechanism of action
Drug effects Correct Answer-The physiological reactions of the body to
a drug
Can be therapeutic or toxic and describe how the body is affected as a
whole by the drug
The terms onset, peak, and duration are used to describe drugs effects
(most often referred to as therapeutic effects
, Drug classification Correct Answer-A method of grouping drugs; May
be based on structure or therapeutic use
Drug induced teratogenesis Correct Answer-The development of
congenital abnormalities or defects in the developing fetus that are
caused by toxic effects of drugs
Drug interaction Correct Answer-Alteration of the pharmacological or
pharmacokinetic activity of a given drug caused by the presence of one
or more additional drugs; Usually related to effects on the enzymes
required for metabolism of the involved drugs
Duration of action Correct Answer-The length of time the concentration
of a drug in the blood or tissues is sufficient to elicit a therapeutic
response
Enzymes Correct Answer-Protein molecules that catalyze one or more of
a variety of biochemical reactions, including those related to the body's
physiological processes as well as those related to drug metabolism
Evidence informed practice (EIP) Correct Answer-Continuous,
interactive process involving the explicit, conscious, and judicious
consideration of the best research evidence available to make
collaborative decisions between the health care team and the patient and
family when providing care
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