geriatrics - ANS specialty in medicine, dentistry and nursing. focuses on how to
manage and prevent diseases associated with old age.
gerontology - ANS a multidisciplinary discipline that brings together research
specialists in many areas of
1. basic
2. clinical (medicine)
3. behavioral (ex: drinking behavior; drink before thirsty)
4. social sciences
ageism - ANS negative attitudes help by people towards older people
robert butler - ANS first director of the national institute of aging (nia) who
coined the term, "ageism"
fields of gerontology - ANS a. psychology: seeks ways to improve quality of life
for older adults
b. psychiatry
c. sociology
d. physical and occupational therapy
e. nursing
f. social work
g. medicine
h. biology: describes the cellular process of aging
i. dentistry
j. economics
k. political sciences
dual process of adaptation of older adults to the environment - ANS 1. adjust to
some qualities of physical and social environment (ex: extensive paperwork for
medicare)
2. induce changes in others/environment (Ex: lobbying to expand Medicare
benefits in order to cover dental care)
4 distinct processes of aging viewed by gerontologist - ANS 1. chronological
aging
, 2. biological aging
3. psychological aging
4. social aging
chronological aging - ANS based on persons years from birth
biological aging - ANS based on physical changes that impact the efficiency of
the body's organ systems negatively. process of bodily changes over time
psychological aging - ANS based on sensory and perceptual changes, changes
in mental functioning, personality and adaptive capacity
social aging - ANS based on people's changing relationships and roles within
society, relative to work, friendship, religious and political groups.
cohort - ANS a group of people born at roughly the same time
4 environment comprises - ANS 1. the community
2. the larger society
3. the neighborhood
4. the home
person-environment perspective: the perspective of social gerontology = the
belief that the environment changes as a function of older adults: - ANS a) Taking
from the environment what they need
b) Controlling what can be manipulated
c) Adjusting to conditions that cannot be changed
environmental press - ANS the demands put on people by physical and social
environments to adapt, respond or change
competence - ANS the higher people's competence, the higher the tolerance
level for environmental press (ex: physical disability limits the level of physical
and social demand a person can meet) (coping skills)
ex:- sometimes families may do too much for older family members who may no
longer feel that they are contributing to the needs of the family.
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