Age-related changes associated with the cardiac system include which conditions: increased size of the left atrium endocardial fibrosis increase in the number of SA node cells myocardial thinning increased size of the left atrium endocardial fibrosis Age-related changes associated with the cardiac ...
NRSG 3320 PrepU Questions and
Correct Answers
Age-related changes associated with the cardiac system
include which conditions:
increased size of the left atrium
endocardial fibrosis
increase in the number of SA node cells
myocardial thinning ✅increased size of the left atrium
endocardial fibrosis
Age-related changes associated with the cardiac system include endocardial fibrosis,
increased size of the left atrium, decreased number of SA node cells, and myocardial
thickening.
A client describes chest pain as sharp, substernal, of intermittent duration, and radiating
to the arms and back. The client says the pain increases with inspiration and swallowing
and is alleviated when sitting upright. What does the nurse suspect the client may be
experiencing? ✅pericarditis
Chest pain described as a sharp, substernal, of intermittent duration, and radiating to
the arms and back that increases with inspiration and swallowing and is alleviated when
sitting upright is pericarditis. Angina pectoris pain is often described as a squeezing,
pressure, heaviness, tightness, or pain in the chest. Panic attack pain is not always
relieved with sitting upright. A client with dissecting aorta experiences back and
abdominal pain not relieved with sitting upright.
The nurse understands it is important to promote adequate tissue perfusion following
cardiac surgery. Which measures should the nurse complete to prevent the
development of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism?
place pillows in the popliteal space
apply antiembolism stockings
encourage the client to cross their legs
avoid elevating the knees on the bed
initiate passive exercises ✅apply antiembolism stockings
avoid elevating the knees on the bed
initiate passive exercises
Preventive measures used to prevent venous stasis include application of sequential
pneumatic compression devices; discouraging crossing of legs; avoiding elevating the
knees on the bed; omitting pillows in the popliteal space; and beginning passive
exercises followed by active exercises to promote circulation and prevent venous stasis.
, A nurse is teaching a client about maintaining a healthy heart. What information will the
nurse include with the teaching? ✅use alcohol in moderation
The nurse should advise the client that alcohol may be used in moderation as long as
there are no other contraindications for its use. Smoking, a diet high in cholesterol and
saturated fat, and a sedentary lifestyle are all known risk factors for cardiac disease.
The client should be encouraged to quit smoking, exercise three to four times per week,
and consume a diet low in cholesterol and saturated fat.
A client reports midsternal pain radiating down his left arm. The nurse notes that the
client is restless and slightly diaphoretic, and measures a temperature of 99.6 F; a heart
rate of 102 beats/min; regular, slightly labored respirations at 26 breaths/min; and a
blood pressure of 150/90 mmHg. What assessment is the nurse's HIGHEST priority?
✅acute pain
The assessment of pain takes highest priority because it increases the client's pulse
and blood pressure. During the acute phase of an MI, low-grade fever is an expected
result of the body's response to myocardial tissue necrosis. The client's blood pressure
and heart rate do not suggest a decreased cardiac output. Anxiety may be an important
assessment, but addressing acute pain (the priority concern) may alleviate the client's
anxiety.
A client diagnosed with a myocardial infarction (MI) has begun an active rehabilitation
program. The nurse recognizes which overall goal as a focus of rehabilitation of a client
who has had an MI? ✅improved quality of life
Overall, cardiac rehabilitation is a complete program dedicated to extending and
improving quality of life. Immediate objectives of rehabilitation of the client with an MI is
to limit the effects and progression of atherosclerosis, to return the client to work and
their pre-illness lifestyle, and to prevent another cardiac event.
A client presents to the emergency department reporting chest pain. Which order should
the nurse complete FIRST? ✅12-lead ECG
The nurse should complete the 12-lead ECG first. The priority is to determine whether
the client is suffering an acute MI and implement appropriate interventions as quickly as
possible. The other orders should be completed after the ECG.
The nurse is administering oral metoprolol. Where are the receptor sites mainly
located? ✅heart
Metoprolol works at beta 1 -receptor sites. Most beta1-receptor sites are located in the
heart. Beta2-receptor sites are located in the uterus, blood vessels, and bronchi.
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