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TEST BANK For :Porth's Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health States 11th Edition by Tommie L. Norris, Verified Chapters 1 - 52, Complete Newest Version1!!!! $19.99   Add to cart

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TEST BANK For :Porth's Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health States 11th Edition by Tommie L. Norris, Verified Chapters 1 - 52, Complete Newest Version1!!!!

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TEST BANK For :Porth's Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health States 11th Edition by Tommie L. Norris, Verified Chapters 1 - 52, Complete Newest Version1!!!!TEST BANK For :Porth's Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health States 11th Edition by Tommie L. Norris, Verified Chapters 1 - 52, Compl...

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Page 1


,Porth's Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health 10th Edition Test Bank
‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘



Chapter 1- Concepts of Health and Disease ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗




1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions focused on
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the following comments made
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



by nurses during a discussion session, which statements would be considered a good
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



representation of the WHO definition? Select all that apply.
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



A) Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities as book ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



reviews and word games during social time
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skilled care ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



facilities ‗



C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with diabetes ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-home cooking classes
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



D) Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their hemodialysis ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



sessions ‗



E) Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young children ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



Ans: A, B, C, E
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



Feedback:
The WHO definition of health is defined as ―a state of complete physical, mental, and
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.‖ Engaging in book
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



reviews facilitates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics helps facilitate physical
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



well-being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes helps with facilitating physical
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



well-being even though the person has a chronic disease. Handwashing is vital in the
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



prevention of disease and spread of germs.
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗




2. A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the large
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



variety of factors that influence an individual's health or lack thereof. The nurse is
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



referring to the Healthy People 2020 report from the U.S. Department of Health and
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



Human Services as a teaching example. Of the following aspects discussed, which
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



would be considered a determinant of health that is outside the focus of this report?
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



A) The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native American‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



descent and practices various alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress.
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



B) The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



hypercholesterolemia and remains noncompliant with the treatment regime.
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



C) The client has a good career with exceptional preventative health care benefits.
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



D) The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban community with access to many
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



health care facilities. ‗ ‗ ‗



Ans: B ‗



Feedback:
In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote good health to all (such as using alternative
‗ ‘ ‘ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity and promoting health for
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



all (which includes having good health care benefits); and promoting good health (which
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



includes living in a clean community with good access to health care). A client's
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



noncompliance with treatments to control high cholesterol levels within the presence of a
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



family history of CV disease does not meet the ―attaining lives free of preventable disease
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



and premature death‖ determinant.
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗




Page 2 ‗

,3. A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a large,
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



university hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the differentiation
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



between diseases that are caused by abnormal molecules and diseases that cause disease.
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



Which of the following patients most clearly demonstrates the consequences of molecules
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



that cause disease?
‗ ‗ ‗



A) A 31-year-old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion of
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



packed red blood cells
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



B) A 91-year-old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting from
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



familial hypercholesterolemia
‗ ‗



C) A 19-year-old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygen
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



therapy and chest physiotherapy
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



D) A 30-year-old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and is
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‘ ‘ ‗ ‗ ‗



HIV positive.‗ ‗



Ans: D ‗



Feedback:
PCP is an example of the effect of a molecule that directly contributes to disease. Sickle cell
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



anemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, and cystic fibrosis are all examples of the effects of
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



abnormal molecules.
‗ ‗




4. A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis of a
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



number of clients who are under his care in a hospital context. Which of the following
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



aspects of clients' situations best characterizes pathogenesis rather than etiology?
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



A) A client who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‘ ‘



B) A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



C) A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



D) A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



Ans: B
‗ ‗



Feedback:
Pathogenesis refers to the progressive and evolutionary course of disease, such as the ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



increasing ammonia levels that accompany liver disease. Bacteria, poisons, and traumatic
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



injuries are examples of etiologic factors.
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗




Page 3 ‗

, 5. A new myocardial infarction patient requiring angioplasty and stent placement has arrived
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



to his first cardiac rehabilitation appointment. In this first session, a review of the
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



pathogenesis of coronary artery disease is addressed. Which statement by the patient
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



verifies to the nurse that he has understood the nurse's teachings about coronary artery
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



disease?




A) ―All I have to do is stop smoking, and then I won't have any more heart attacks.‖
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



B) ―My artery was clogged by fat, so I will need to stop eating fatty foods like
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



French fries every day.‖
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



C) ―Sounds like this began because of inflammation inside my artery that made it ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



easy to form fatty streaks, which lead to my clogged artery.‖
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



D) ―If I do not exercise regularly to get my heart rate up, blood pools in the veins
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



causing a clot that stops blood flow to the muscle, and I will have a heart attack.‖
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



Ans: C ‗



Feedback:
The true etiology/cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown; however, the
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



pathogenesis of the disorder relates to the progression of the inflammatory process from a
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



fatty streak to the occlusive vessel lesion seen in people with coronary artery disease. Risk
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



factors for CAD revolve around cigarette smoking, diet high in fat, and lack of exercise.
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗




6. A 77-year-old man is a hospital inpatient admitted for exacerbation of his chronic
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and a respiratory therapist (RT) is assessing the
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



client for the first time. Which of the following aspects of the patient's current state of
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



health would be best characterized as a symptom rather than a sign?
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



A) The patient's oxygen saturation is 83% by pulse oxymetry.
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



B) The patient notes that he has increased work of breathing when lying supine.
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



C) The RT hears diminished breath sounds to the patient's lower lung fields
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



bilaterally. ‗



D) The patient's respiratory rate is 31 breaths/minute.
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



Ans: B
‗ ‗



Feedback:
Symptoms are subjective complaints by the person experiencing the health problem,
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



such as complaints of breathing difficulty. Oxygen levels, listening to breath sounds,
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗



and respiratory rate are all objective, observable signs of disease.
‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗ ‗




Page 4 ‗

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