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CMN 552 EXAM 1 2024 WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
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CMN 552 EXAM 1 2024 WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
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CMN 552 EXAM 1 2024 WITH 100%ACCURATE ANSWERS
,CMN 552 EXAM 1 2024 WITH 100%
ACCURATE ANSWERS
What are the psychosocial and pharmacotherapeutic recommendations in the treatment of MDD for
this population? - correct answersMild forms of depression: psychoeducation and supportive
interventions.
Moderate to severe depression or recurrent episodes of major depression, with significant impairment
and with active suicidal thoughts or behaviors, or psychosis: Psychopharmacological and CBT. CBT or IBT
may be effective alone for moderate depression when continued for 6 months or longer. CBT- aims to
challenge maladaptive beliefs and enhance problem solving abilities and social competence. 70%
showed improvement after intervention. CBT sometimes coupled with relaxation techniques. IPT-
focuses on ways in which depression interferes with interpersonal relationships and overcoming the
challenges. Four areas are loss, interpersonal disputes, role transition, and interpersonal deficits. (Read
further for PCIT-ED).
What two neurotransmitters are most implicated in the pathophysiology of mood disorders? - correct
answersnorepinephrine and serotonin
How are dopamine levels affected in depression and mania? - correct answersDopamine activity may be
reduced in depression and increased in mania
How does depression affect sleep neurophysiology? - correct answersLoss of deep (slow-wave) sleep
Increase in nocturnal arousal.
The latter is reflected by four types of disturbance: (1) an increase in nocturnal awakenings, (2) a
reduction in total sleep time, (3) increased phasic rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and (4) increased
core body temperature. T
What is the most common abnormality found in structural and functional brain imaging in depressive
disorders? - correct answersIncreased frequency of abnormal hyperintensities in subcortical regions,
such as periventricular regions, the basal ganglia, and the thalamus
, What cognitive distortions are commonly seen in depressed patients? - correct answers(1) views about
the self —a negative self-precept, (2) about the environment—a tendency to experience the world as
hostile and demanding, and (3) about the future—the expectation of suffering and failure
What is learned helplessness? - correct answersthe hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or
human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events
What "specifiers" are used to describe patients with various mood disorders? - correct answersTable
8.1-7
What factors are associated with a poor prognosis for patients with mood disorders? - correct
answersMDD: The percentage of patients recovering after repeated hospitalization decreases with
passing time. Generally, as a patient experiences more and more depressive episodes, the time between
the episodes decreases, and the severity of each episode increases.
Bipolar I: Have a poorer prognosis than do patients with major depressive disorder. About 40 to 50
percent of patients with bipolar I disorder may have a second manic episode within 2 years of the first
episode. poor occupational status, alcohol dependence, psychotic features, depressive features,
interepisode depressive features, and male gender were all factors that contributed a poor prognosis.
Short duration of manic episodes, advanced age of onset, few suicidal thoughts, and few coexisting
psychiatric or medical problems predict a better outcome.
Bipolar II: The course and prognosis of bipolar II disorder indicate that the diagnosis is stable because
there is a high likelihood that patients with bipolar II disorder will have the same diagnosis up to 5 years
later. Bipolar II disorder is a chronic disease that warrants long-term treatment strategies.
What is endogenous depression? - correct answersdepression with no apparent cause
What characteristics would the clinician see if a patient presented with atypical features in a depressed
patient? - correct answersCatatonic features
Postpartum onset
Rapid cycling
Seasonal features
Significant weight gain
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