APEA 3P Focused on Nephrology/GU Problem set study Exam Questions and Correct Answers Guaranteed Success 2024/2025
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Course
APEA 3P
Institution
APEA 3P
APEA 3P Focused on Nephrology/GU Problem set study Exam Questions and Correct Answers Guaranteed Success 2024/2025
A patient comes to clinic today with a complaint of green urine for the past 6 hours. She feels well otherwise. The most likely reason for this is:
A. something she has consumed.
...
APEA 3P Focused on Nephrology/GU Problem
set study Exam Questions and Correct
Answers Guaranteed Success 2024/2025
A patient comes to clinic today with a complaint of green urine
for the past 6 hours. She feels well otherwise. The most likely
reason for this is:
A. something she has consumed.
B. a urinary tract infection. Incorrect
C. a stone in the upper urinary tract.
D. a psychiatric illness.
A.
An unusual color imparted to the urine is nearly always due to
something the patient has had to eat or drink in the last 24
hours. A urine specimen should be obtained for analysis to rule
out blood, but blood in the urine is usually bright red or brown in
color. A green hue should compel the examiner to consider a
food dye.
A patient with dysuria has a urine specimen that reveals <
10,000 bacteria and numerous trichomonas. How should this
patient be managed?
A. Increased fluids and a urinary tract analgesic
B. Ciprofloxacin for 3 days
C. Metronidazole for 7 days
D. Ciprofloxacin and metronidazole
C.
This patient has trichomoniasis. This is the likely cause of her
dysuria. She could be treated with metronidazole initially. This
should eradicate the infection. Her partner will need treatment
too. She has an inconsequential number of bacteria in her urine.
She does not need treatment for the bacteria in her urine.
,A sexually active male patient presents with epididymitis. What
finding is likely?
A. Hematuria
B. Dysuria
C. Recent history of heavy physical exercise
D. Scrotal edema
C.
The typical presentation of an adult male with epididymitis is the
gradual development of scrotal pain. There is no scrotal edema.
This is more typical in hydrocele. Common precipitants are
sexual activity, heavy physical exertion as described in the
question, and bicycle or motorcycle riding. In sexually active
males under age 35 years, a common cause is an STD.
A 44-year-old female patient is diagnosed with a urinary tract
infection (UTI). Which bacteria count collected via midstream,
clean catch supports a diagnosis of UTI?
a. 10,000 bacteria
b. 25,000 bacteria
c. 50,000 bacteria
d. 100,000 bacteria
D.
Urine in the bladder should be sterile unless there is an infection
or when asymptomatic bacteriuria is present. When bacteria are
present in a urine specimen, consideration must be given to how
the specimen was collected. When the specimen is collected via
midstream, clean catch, the tolerance for organisms is less than
100,000. It is expected that the urine collected in this manner
will include bacteria from external genitalia as urine exits the
body. If the number of bacteria are greater than 100,000, a
urinary tract infection is correctly diagnosed.
A 79-year-old female patient with urinary frequency is found to
have a UTI. What medication could produce arrhythmias in her?
, A. Doxycycline
B. Amoxicillin
C. Ciprofloxacin
D. Macrodantin
C.
Ciprofloxacin is a quinolone antibiotic. All quinolones have the
potential to produce prolongation of the QT interval. It should be
prescribed with caution in older adults.
Mrs. Jackson complains of urinary incontinence when she laughs
or sneezes. What should be used first-line to treat her symptoms?
A. Kegel exercises
B. Prescribe oxybutynin
C. Avoid caffeine and alcohol
D. Minimize fluids at nighttime
A.
This patient has stress incontinence. The first-line approach with
these patients is to attempt to strengthen the pelvic floor
muscles. Appropriate performance of Kegel exercises is key.
Prescribing an anticholinergic might worsen incontinence
because it will cause urinary retention. Avoiding caffeine and
alcohol is especially helpful for people with urge incontinence,
but could have a minimal benefit for this patient. However, this
does not address the underlying problem, weak pelvic muscles.
Minimizing fluids at nighttime will help if nocturia is a problem.
A 76-year-old male presents with urethral irritation after voiding.
If sexually transmitted diseases and urinary tract infection are
ruled out, what is another etiology?
A. Acute bacterial prostatitis
B. Chronic prostatitis
C. Epididymitis
D. Asymptomatic bacteriuria
B.
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