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PA-CAT PRACTICE EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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PA-CAT PRACTICE EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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PA-CAT PRACTICE EXAM WITHCORRECT ANSWERS
Chromosomal rearrangement is implicated in what somatic change?
1 germinal mutation
2 malignancy
3 meiotic segregation
4 recombination - ANSWER- malignancy
If a patient presents after 24 hours of fasting, what source are they using as a substrate
for gluconeogenesis?
1 Amino acids
2 Even-chain fatty acids
3 Glucose
4 Glycogen - ANSWER- amino acids
What nerve is involved in innervating the deltoid and teres minor muscles? (injury =
can't abduct or laterally rotate arm) - ANSWER- axillary
What type of RNA is considered a coding RNA?
1 miRNA (micro RNA)
2 mRNA (messenger RNA)
3 piRNA (piwi-interacting RNA)
4 siRNA (small interfering RNA) - ANSWER- messenger RNA
75% of breast lymphatics drain into what nodes?
1 Axillary nodes
2 Internal thoracic nodes
3 Pectoral nodes
4 Supraclavicular nodes - ANSWER- pectoral
Sodium (Na) loses its electron to become sodium ion (Na+). What kind of reaction is
this? - ANSWER- oxidation reaction (electrons lost)
A reduction reaction results in what? - ANSWER- electrons being added -> increase in
negative charge
What kind of ions do nonmetals form?
1 Anions
2 Cations
3 Neutral
4 No ions - ANSWER- anions (negative ions = gain electrons)
You are presented with a female patient who shows a pervasive pattern of instability in
interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotions. This instability of self-image can
result in feelings of emptiness and fears of abandonment. She is very impulsive, often
showing feelings of anger, especially when criticized. She sometimes performs self-
harm by cutting herself and threatens suicide. What disorder may she be exhibiting?
1 Borderline personality disorder
2 Narcissistic personality disorder
, 3 Paranoid personality disorder
4 Schizoid personality disorder
5 Antisocial personality disorder - ANSWER- Borderline Personality Disorder
Case
A 65-year-old woman slips and falls on the bathroom floor. She has a posterior
dislocation of the hip joint and a fracture of the neck of the femur.
Question
If the acetabulum is fractured at its posterosuperior margin by dislocation of the hip joint,
what bone could be involved?
1 Pubis
2 Ilium
3 Ischium
4 Sacrum - ANSWER- Ilium
In the urea cycle, what does the synthesis of carbamoyl phosphate depend upon?
1 Aspartate
2 Ornithine
3 Argininosuccinate
4 N-Acetylglutamic acid - ANSWER- N-Acetylglutamic acid
Case
In cattle, the inherited lack of horns is called "polled" and is due to a single gene locus.
A breeder has one line of cattle that are true-breeding for polled and one line of cattle
that are true-breeding for non-polled.
Question
How could the breeder determine if the polled allele is dominant or recessive? -
ANSWER- Breed cattle from the two lines together; if all offspring display one trait, that
trait is dominant.
Case
Synonymous mutations are DNA mutations that do not change the amino acid inserted
into the protein, but they can change the local structure of a protein and the global
folding of the protein.
Question
Which levels of protein structure can synonymous mutations alter? - ANSWER-
secondary and tertiary
Free fatty acids are transported in the blood by binding to which of the following
compounds?
1 Hemoglobin
2 Gamma globulins
3 Albumin
4 Platelets - ANSWER- Albumin
Case Highlights
A patient presents with increased thirst and blurred vision. Analysis of their blood sugar
demonstrates hyperglycemia.
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