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Nursing Pathophysiology Exam 1 questions and answers graded A+ 2024/2025
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Nursing Pathophysiology Exam 1 questions and answers graded A+ 2024/2025
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Nursing Pathophysiology Exam 1Pathophysiology - ANSStudy of the frame's reaction to disorder
Disease - ANSInterruption, cessation or ailment of a body device
Etiology - ANSThe reason of a sickness
Clinical manifestations - ANSSymptoms and chief lawsuits
Morphological adjustments - ANSStructural changes which might be a result of the sickness
system
Etiological factors - ANSBiologic sellers, physical forces, chemical compounds, dietary extra or
deficiency, genetic factors
What are the three mechanisms of cell version? - ANSSize: atrophy and hypertrophy
Number: hyperplasia
Irregular shape: dysplasia (excessive) and metaplasia (persistent)
Intercellular accumulation - ANSResults from ordinary substances, peculiar endogenous or
exogenous products
Dystrophic pathological calcification - ANSIn injured tissue, lifeless cells create calcium deposits
that can motive aortic stenosis or be a end result of a fracture or TB
Metastatic Pathological Calcifications - ANSCaused by means of an growth of serum calcium
degrees in non-injured tissue
Chemical accidents - ANSLead, carbon tetrachloride, carbon monoxide, ethanol, mercury,
avenue tablets
Asphyxiation accidents - ANSSuffocation, strangulation, drowning
Hypoxic accidents - ANSIschemia (lack of blood glide) and anoxia (lack of oxygen)
What does cell growing older purpose? - ANSAtrophy, reduced functioning
Isotonic solutions - ANSWill motive no trade to cells
0.9% saline
Hypertonic answers - ANSWill purpose cells to reduce/crenate
, 3% saline or 5% dextrose
Hypotonic answers - ANSWill reason cells to swell
0.Forty five% saline
Edema - ANSAccumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces
What are reasons of edema? - ANSIncreased capillary hydrostatic strain (fluid actions from
capillary to interstitial space)
Decrease in plasma osmotic pressure (decrease in RBC, plasma and proteins causing fluid to
leak into tissues)
Increase in capillary permeability (infection reasons fluid to leak into surrounding tissues)
Lymph obstruction
What are the capabilities of Na as a cation? - ANSNeuromuscular irritability, acid base stability
via the change of water and bicarb, chemical reactions and membrane delivery
Hypernatremia - ANSNa>147
Intercellular dehydration, convulsions, pulmonary edema, hypotension, tachycardia, pruny arms
Hyponatremia - ANSNa<one hundred thirty five
Creates: Hypoosmolality, cellular swelling, dry mucous membranes, peripherial edema, muscle
weak point and seizures
Causes: low intake, fluid overload (dilutional hyponatremia) and excessive circulating protein
stages (hypoosmolar hyponatremia)
What are the features of K as a cation? - ANSRegulation of electrical neutrality, transmission
and conduction, cardiac rhythm and muscle contraction
Hypokalemia - ANSK<3.5
Creates: decreased neuromuscular excitability, muscle weakness, smooth muscle dysfunction,
dysrhythmias
Causes: reduced intake and increased loss
Hyperkalemia - ANSK>five.Five
Creates: elevated neuromuscular iritability (tingling, cramps, restlessness and diarrhea) loss of
muscle tone or paralysis
Causes: expanded consumption (salt dietary supplements), reduced renal excretion, insulin
deficiency or cellular trauma
What are the functions of Ca? - ANSParathyroid hormone secretion, cellular receptor
functioning and electric conductivity
What are everyday ranges of Ca inside the plasma? - ANS9-10.Five mg
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