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NURS4500 Cardiology- Test Questions and Answers 100% Solved
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NURS4500 Cardiology- Test Questions and Answers100% Solved
determinants of stroke volume (3) Correct-Contractility, preload, afterload
Contractility Correct-greater the stretch the greater the force generated
Preload Correct-measure of volume inside the ventricles at the end of diastole= amount of
blood entering the right atrium (DBP)
Afterload Correct-Pressure the ventricle has to overcome to eject blood forward (SBP).
MAP equation Correct-MAP: SBP + (2*DBP)/ 3
Atrial repolarization takes place when? Correct-During the QRS complex and the
depolarization of the ventricles at the same time
,Review of assessment Correct-VS, IPAP, skin color/ temp (warm is high CO and cool is low
CO), edema, med/sx history (pacemakers), JVD, pulse assessment, auscultation
Right-sided HF Correct-fatigue, increased peripheral venous pressure, ascites,
enlarged liver and spleen, JVD, anorexia & GI distress, swelling in hands and fingers,
dependent edema
Blood flow through the heart Correct-IVC & SVC →Right atrium→ tricuspid valve → right
ventricle → pulmonary artery → capillary beds of the lungs → pulmonary veins → left atrium
→ mitral valve → ventricle → aortic valve → aorta → body
AV valves Correct-tricuspid and mitral
Semilunar valves Correct-Pulmonary and aortic valves
Blood flow for the valves Correct-TPMA (toilet paper my ass)
2 types of cardiac cells Correct-Nodal cells: carry the electrical current
, The AV node slows down the current
Cardiomyocytes: What contracts the heart
CO equation Correct-HR x SV
Left-sided failure HF Correct-blood is backing up into the lungs: nocturnal dyspnea,
elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressures, pulmonary congestion (cough, crackles,
wheezes, blood-tinged sputum, tachypnea), restlessness, confusion, orthopnea, tachycardia,
exertional dyspnea, fatigue, cyanosis
ACE (-prils) Correct-Inhibits or blocks the action of RAAS. reduces the progression of HF.
Side effects: orthostatic hypotension. Dry cough.
Contraindications: renal impairment, angioedema.
ARBs (-sartan) Correct-Inhibits or blocks the action of RAAS. reduces the progression of HF.
Vasodialoator. Reduces mortality after MI, and helps prevent strokes. Used if pt intol to ACEs.
Side effects: hypotension, angioedema. Contraindication- hx of angioedema.
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