NR 507 FINAL EXAM WITH VERIFIED ANSWERTS 100% PASS
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Course
NR 507
Institution
NR 507
NR 507 FINAL EXAM WITH VERIFIED ANSWERTS 100% PASS
1. Dermatomes area of the skin that is mainly supplied by branches of
a single spinal sensory nerve root. These spinal sensory
nerves enter the nerve root at the spinal cord, and their
branches reach to the periphery of the body.
2. Substance ...
NR 507 FINAL EXAM WITH VERIFIED ANSWERTS 100% PASS
1. Dermatomes area of the skin that is mainly supplied by branches of
a single spinal sensory nerve root. These spinal sensory
nerves enter the nerve root at the spinal cord, and their
branches reach to the periphery of the body.
2. Substance re- Acetylcholine- Excitatory or inhibitory- alzheimers
lease at the
synapse Norepi- Excitatory or inhibitory- sleep/wake cycle, SYNS
transmission
Dopa- Excitatory (h1 and h2 receptors) and inhibitory (H3
receptors). parkinson disease
3. Spondylolysis structural defect (degeneration, fracture, or developmental
defect) in the pars interarticularis of the vertebral arch (the
joining of the vertebral body to the posterior structures).
The lumbar spine at L5 is affected most often.
-Heredity
-Other congenital spinal defects
4. motor and senso- Parietal lobe- major area for somatic sensory input, locat-
ry areas of the ed along the postcentral gyrus. which is adjacent to the
brain primary motor area in the precentral gyrus.
Primary motor area (Brodmann area 4)- located along the
precentral gyrus forming the primary voluntary motor area
(homunculus) (little man).
Association fibers provide communication between sen-
sory and motor
5.
,NR 507 FINAL EXAM WITH VERIFIED ANSWERTS 100% PASS
Ischemic penum- ischemic but not infarcted (salvageable) tissue. Peri-infarct
bra tissue.
-no structural damage
6. Cerebral infarc- ischemic- white infarct (affected area is pale and soft 6-12
tion hours after). necrosis appears by 48 to 72 hours.
Infiltration of macrophages and phagocytosis of necrotic
tissue. necrosis resolves around the 2nd week. glial scar-
ring.
7. excitotoxins Toxins (usually amino acids) that overstimulate glutamate
release and cause neuron suicide.
8. Agnosia the inability to recognize familiar objects.
-tactile/spatial-parietal lobe
-Gerstmann syndrome (loss of spatial orientation of fin-
gers, body, sides and #s)- L angular gyrus (Parieral)
-Object- Temporo-occipital area
-Associated with CVAs
9. Subarachnoid Bleeding into the subarachnoid space, where the cere-
hemorrhage brospinal fluid circulates.
-ruptured intracranial aneurysm/trauma
-IICP/irritates meningeal tissues/produces inflammation,
blood coats nerve roots, impairs CSF circulation
-compensatory increase in SBP
10. Meningitis Bacterial- Meningococcus and S. pneumococcus bacteria
are most common
Viral- Specific pathogen cannot be found in CSF
11. Prostate cancer -Eat a low fat diet
prevention - Slow growing cancer so DRE and PSA testing prevents
12. BPH and the uri- - Chronic inflammation
nary system -Bladder outflow obstruction
-Urge to pee often
, -delay in starting stream
- Decreased force of stream
-Urinary retention/ overflow incontinence (late sign)
Complications: Hematuria, infections, bladder calculi, re-
tention, hydronephrosis, renal insufficiency
13. Cause of respira- - fever
tory Alkalosis -anemia,
-anxiety, panic
-thyrotoxicosis
-hyperventilation
14. buffer molecules -Plasma- Bicarbonate-carbonic acid and HGB.
-Intracellular- Phosphate and protein
Renal- Ammonia and Phosphate
15. Cushing's dis- - Excess endogenous secretion of ACTH (Corticotropin).
ease -from a pituitary adenoma or by an ectopic secreting non
pituitary tumor such as small cell carcinoma of the lung.or
adrenal tumor (rare)
- HYPERnatremia, HYPERtension, INCREASED blood
volume, HYPOkalemia, HYPERglycemia, weight gain,
thin hair, moon face, easy bruising, buffalo hump, protein
wasting
16. Cause of -decreased PTH
hypoparathy- -Damage to or removal of the parathyroid gland during
roidism thyroid surgery.
- genetic syndromes, familial hypoparathyroidism, diGe-
orge syndrome, and idiopathic, or autoimmune
17. Primary hypothy- *Increased levels of TSH and decreased levels of TH (Total
roidism labs T3 and total and free T4*
Autoimmune- Presence of thyroperoxidase and thyroglob-
ulin antibodies
18. Thyroid Storm -occurs in people who have severe hyperthyroidism and
are subject to extreme stress (infection, trauma, burns,
surgery, emotional).
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