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Exam (elaborations)

EXAM 1 BIOS 242- CHAMBERLAIN

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  • BIO 242
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  • BIO 242

EXAM 1 BIOS 242- CHAMBERLAIN

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  • September 11, 2024
  • 6
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • BIO 242
  • BIO 242
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AGRADEPROMASTER
EXAM 1 BIOS 242- CHAMBERLAIN j j j j


Studyjonlinejatjhttps://quizlet.com/_cc0095
1. DNA is replicated in the
j : nucleus j j j j

2. RNA is replicated in the
j : cytoplasmj j j j

3. what is the first step in viral replication?: penetration/adhesion (attaches tome
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mbrane using spikes) j j

4. what is the second step in viral replication?: uncoating
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5. what is the third step in viral replication?: replication
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6. what is the fourth step in viral replication?: assembly
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7. what is the fifth step in viral replication?: maturation
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8. what is the sixth step in viral replication?: release(releasetheprotein thathasthe vir
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al components so it infects more cells)
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9. what are the four types of archaea?: methanogens, hyperthemophile, psy-
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chrophile, halophiles
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10. what are characteristics of a methanogen?: CO2 with methane
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11. where are methanogens found?: swamps, landfill j j j j j

12. what are characteristics of a hyperthermophile?: loves high temperature
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13. where are hyperthermophiles found?: volcano j j j j

14. what are characteristics of a psychrophile?: survives in cold temperatures
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15. where are psychrophiles found?: ice caps j j j j j

16. what are characteristics of a halophile?: survives in salt environments
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17. where are halophiles found?: salt lake j j j j j

18. This type of archaea live in swamps and marshes and produce methane,wha
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t is it?: methanogen
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19. This type of archaea requires hot, acidic environments: hyperthemophile
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20. during a gram stain, the presence of gives a purple stain: peptidolgy-
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can
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21. why is gram negative bacteria pink?: outer membrane is weakened
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22. what do gram negative bacteria have: porin proteins, lipopolysaccha-
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ride-phospholipid outer membrane surrounding a thin peptidoglycan layer.
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23. what do grampositive bacteria have: lipoteichoicacidwiththickpeptidoglycancell
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wall
24. what are the four different types of structures microorganisms can use formo
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vement, adherence, or mating?: fimbriae, pilus, flagella, and cilia
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25. what is fimbriae used for?: adhesion j j j j j

26. what is pilus used for?: mating/conjugation
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27. what is flagella used for?: movement j j j j j

28. what is cilia used for?: movement j j j j j

29. what are the benefits about fungi?: usedforantibiotics,foodproducts suchasyeas
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t and alcohol, and decomposition which puts nutrients back into environment
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30. what are the bad things about fungi?: contamination
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, EXAM 1 BIOS 242- CHAMBERLAIN j j j j


Studyjonlinejatjhttps://quizlet.com/_cc0095
31. what are the characteristics of fungi?: dimorphic,eukaryotes,havecellwalls,are
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heterotrophs that feed by absorbing their food j j j j j j

32. do prokaryotes or eukaryotes lack organelles?: prokaryotes
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33. do prokaryotes or eukaryotes have a nucleus?: eukaryotes
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34. do prokaryotes or eukaryotes consist of animals, plants, fungi, and pro-
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tists?: eukaryotes
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35. do prokaryotes or eukaryotes consist of bacteria and archaea?: prokary-
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otes
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36. are prokaryotes or eukaryotes unicellular?: prokaryotes j j j j j

37. do prokaryotes or eukaryotes have ribosomes?: both
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38. are prokaryotes or eukaryotes multicellular?: eukaryotesj j j j j

39. do prokaryotes or eukaryotes use asexual reproduction?: prokaryotes
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40. do prokaryotes or eukaryotes use sexual reproduction?: eukaryotes
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41. who invented penicillin?: Alexander Fleming j j j j

42. what is Koch's first postulate?: the same pathogen must be present in everycase
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of the disease. j j

43. what is Koch's second postulate?: the pathogen must be isolated from thedisej j j j j j j j j j j j

ased host and grown in pure culture.
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44. what is Koch's third postulate?: the pathogen from the pure culture must causeth
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ediseasewhenitisinoculatedintoahealthy,susceptiblelaboratoryanimal.
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45. what is Koch's fourth postulate?: the pathogen must be isolated from theinocj j j j j j j j j j j j

ulated animal and must be shown to be the original organism.
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46. what is agar used for?: it creates a solid surface for bacterial growth j j j j j j j j j j j j

47. explainLouisPasteur's experiment: usedswanneckflasktonotletpathogensfrom j j j j j j j j j j j j

the air get into it j j j j

Used heat to kill pathogens, j j j j

broke the neck off one flask which let microbes from the air in
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found that the flask that was broken contained microbes while the swan neck flaskdid no
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t
48. how did Louis Pasteur disprove spontaneous generation?: because the flask
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withtheswanneckwassterileandthe brokenneckhadmicrobesinitmeaningthat microb
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es do not randomly spawn
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49. what are characteristics of viruses?: - lack cells j j j j j j j

- non-living
- RNA & DNA core j j j

- core is surrounded by protein coat j j j j j

- coat can be surrounded by envelope of lipids
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- replicate only within a living host j j j j j

50. what are the two types viruses can be?: naked and enveloped j j j j j j j j j j



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