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Legal Issues for COMLEX Level 1 Questions and Answers 2024/2025( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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Legal Issues for COMLEX Level 1 Questions and Answers 2024/2025( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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Legal Issues for COMLEX Level 1-Patients have the right to refuse life-sustaining treatment (including a feeding tube)
-Like other life-sustaining treatments, artificial nutrition and hydration could be stopped legally
and ethically - ANS Cruzan vs. Director
Requires, that at time of admission:
1) Ask patients if they have *Advanced Directives*
2) Inform patients of their rights to accept or refuse medical treatment
3) Incorporate Advanced Directives into patient medical records - ANS Patient
Self-Determination Act
The Stafford *Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act*
-Authorizes the President to issue a major disaster or an emergency declaration in response to
an event that overwhelms state or local government
-If enacted, the local government can have access to *funds and services from FEMA* - ANS
The Stafford Act
Refer the patient to a different cardiothoracic surgeon - ANS A physician is unwilling to perform
heart surgery on a patient with HIV. What is your next step?
Use *visual aids*
-E.g. drawings, videos, etc. - ANS Low levels of literacy often lead to *adverse health
outcomes*. What is one way a physician may communicate to a patient with low literacy levels?
Report him to the state medical board and inform the chief of staff, etc. - ANS A fellow
physician is smelling of alcohol on the job. What do you do?
Contract b/t a physician and a HMO in which a *flat fee per patient* is paid each month - ANS
Capitation
Reimbursement on the basis of expected cost of the course of treatment
-Ex: *if a patient underwent a surgical procedure, the entire team is compensated with a
"bundled payment" instead of separate payments to each provider* - ANS Bundled payment
-Medical records are *owned by the provider that constructed them*
-However, *patients have the right to see and get a copy of these records* - ANS Federal
Privacy Rule
Physician who constructed them - ANS Who *owns* a patient's medical records?
, Unlawful for an employer to discriminate based on genetic information or to request genetic
information - ANS Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA)
Refer the patient to another physician who will perform the abortion - ANS A pregnant woman
is wanting to have an abortion. However, as a physician, you have moral beliefs that you will
NOT perform an abortion. What should you do?
Residents who want to moonlight can, and these hours *will count* toward the max number of
weekly hours *80 hours/week* - ANS Resident moonlighting and duty hours
16 hour shift MAXIMUM - ANS First years residents can work moonlight shifts. What is the
MAX hour shift he or she may work?
Physicians are *required* to report *ALL medical errors*
-Regardless if it causes harm or not - ANS Physicians reporting medical errors
Most states *require* physicians to *alert the law enforcement authorities* of ANY
violence-related injuries (i.e. stab wound, gunshot wound, etc.) - ANS Physician reporting of
*violence*
Ensures public access to *emergency services regardless of ability to pay*
-Occurs at Medicare-participating hospitals
-Hospitals required to provide *stabilizing treatment* for pts in an emergency situation
-Ex: *active labor, worksite injury*, etc. - ANS Emergency Medical Treatment & Labor Act
Intended to *protect those* who provide care to those who are injured or who are in danger
*from legal liability* - ANS Good Samaritan Laws
Provides a minimum level of legal liability to those who volunteer - ANS Volunteer Protection
Act
*YES*
-Even though either could protect the baby, the pt *still has the right to refuse either*
-Pregnant pt has the same rights as a non-pregnant pt. She can't refuse *any form of treatment*
- ANS A pregnant pt refuses both HIV testing and C-section, even if it will potentially save the
baby's life. Can she do this?
1) Chlamydia
2) Gonorrhea
3) Hepatitis A,B,C
4) HIV
5) Influenza-associated pediatric mortality
6) Measles
7) Mumps
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