RADT 1200 Chapter 7 Test Questions and Answers All Correct
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Course
RADT 1200
Institution
RADT 1200
RADT 1200 Chapter 7 Test Questions and Answers All Correct
What does molecular damage results from? - Answer-the formation of structurally changed molecules that cause injury cellular function
The entire body process can be affected if a large amount of what is damaged? - Answer-somatic ce...
RADT 1200 Chapter 7 Test Questions
and Answers All Correct
What does molecular damage results from? - Answer-the formation of structurally
changed molecules that cause injury cellular function
The entire body process can be affected if a large amount of what is damaged? -
Answer-somatic cells
If germ cells are damaged, what can happen? - Answer-future generations can be
affected leading to mutations
What are the 2 classifications of ionizing radiation interaction? - Answer-indirect action
direct action
Where does direct typically happen? - Answer-in DNA
Where does indirect typically happen? - Answer-in water
How much of the human body is water? DNA? - Answer-80%
1%
Because of this, all effects of low-LET irradiation result from.... - Answer-indirect action
What happens in radiolysis of water? - Answer-ionization of water molecules
production of free radicals
production of undesirable chemical reactions and damage
production of cell-damaging substances
organic free radical formation
What are the 2 types of strand break? - Answer-single strand break
double strand break
What happens in a single strand break? - Answer-Ionizing radiation interacts with a
DNA macromolecule
transfers energy
chemical bond is ruptured
a sugar-phosphate rail is potentially damaged
What are sometimes able to reverse this damage? - Answer-repair enzymes
, What happens in double-strand break? - Answer-When there is more exposure of the
DNA macromolecule, additional breaks in the chain occur
Can the breaks be repaired? - Answer-yes but not as easily as with single strand breaks
What happens if the repair does not take place? - Answer-further separation may occur
which eventually threatens cells life
When does a double strand break more likely occur? - Answer-with densely ionizing
radiation (high LET)
What happens if a double strand break happens in the same rung of DNA? - Answer-
cleaved/broken chromosome results
each portion now contains an unequal amount of genetic information
What happens if those unequal, damaged chromosomes divide any further? - Answer-
the daughter cells result in incorrect genetic information which can cause death or
impaired function
What is a mutation? - Answer-when ionizing radiation reacts with DNA to cause a loss
or change in the nitrogenous base
Can this be reversible? - Answer-not normally
What happens if the cell does NOT die? - Answer-incorrect information will be passed
onto the daughter cell
What is radiation biology? - Answer-Branch of biology concerned with the effects of
ionizing radiation on living systems
What are the 3 things radiation biology includes? - Answer-1) injury to the system that
might be produced
2) sequence of events after the effects of ionizing radiation
3) what the living system does to make up for consequences of that energy
How does ionizing radiation damage living systems? - Answer-ionizing the atoms and
compromising the molecular structure
types of radiation that cause damage - Answer-xrays
gamma rays
alpha particles
beta particles
protons
Ionized atoms will now..... - Answer-bond in molecules
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